Dr
SHASHI CHOUDHARY
(ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station Ranchi, Jharkhand, India)
27/08/2018, 08:00
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Low natural genetic diversity is a serious limiting factor for academic progress and agronomic improvement of crops like tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.), an economically important bast fibre crop. Mutation breeding with proven ability to improve both qualitative as well as quantitative yield attributes can be employed to augment germplasm diversity. In the present study, we used gamma rays...
Prof.
Ashwani Pareek
(Jawaharlal Nehru University)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Mutation breeding is a traditional approach to generate crop plants with increased tolerance to abiotic stresses. Oryza sativa L. cv IR64 is high yielding rice with incomplete tolerance to critical abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, high salinity, and drought. In the present study, we have generated a population of IR64 mutants by using gamma radiation. Over 4,000 independent M3...
Mrs
Dayani Karunananda
(Horticultural Crops Research and Development Institute, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Philodendron erubescens ‘Gold’, a popular climber with brilliant greenish yellow leaves (D 151 in RHS colour chart), is used in indoor gardening and landscaping. It is commonly propagated through vegetative cuttings, thus incorporation of new traits through conventional breeding is impracticable. As commercial floriculture always demands novel varieties, this study was carried out to induce...
Mr
Prince M. Matova
(Crop Breeding Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Cowpea has continued gaining popularity due to its wide stress tolerance and high nutritive value. The crop is highly adapted to areas marginal for crop production. It is a niche crop, improving livelihoods and sustaining crop-livestock farming systems in the wake of climate change. In Zimbabwe different generations of mutant lines have been developed through gamma irradiation and advanced...
Dr
Yongdun Xie
(Institute of Crop Science, CAAS)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Induced mutation plays an important role in securing world food demands by developing mutant varieties, introducing new genetic resources, and accelerating vital agricultural gene cloning. Among all the mutation induction methodologies, the newly developed heavy-ion beam mutagenesis is characterized by its capacity to generate new phenotypic features in plants. By using heavy ion beam...
Dr
Huijun GUO
(Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Henan province is located in central China. It is the core wheat production area with the largest wheat cultivated area, single yield and total production and the highest quantity of export commodity grain, with 5 million hectares, accounting for about 22% of the country's wheat area, the average yield about 6150 kg/hm2, the production more than 65 million kilograms，accounting for 25% of the...
Mr
CUMA AKINCI
(Dicle University)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
“Onder”, a two-rowed mutants feed barley cultivar, was developed by the Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops and it has been registered in 2016 by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock in Turkey. 60Co gamma ray treatment at the dose of 150 Gy was applied to seeds of Sahin 91 two-rowed barley cultivar to induce mutation and “Onder” was derived by mutation...
Suhua Wang
(Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Zhonglyu No8 is a new variety derived from CN36 by using space mutation. CN 36 is a cultivar introduced from Thailand in 1996, and this cultivar is early maturing, has large seeds, but with narrow adaptability. After space mutation, the new variety appears to be early maturing too, with growth period about 70-80 days in Beijing. The plant erects well and somewhat lodging-resistant, with a...
Mrs
Banumaty Saraye
(Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Field survival tests performed in hot-spot environments are a common method to evaluate heat tolerance in plants. However, it is difficult to predict heat conditions in the field. Neither temperature nor other conditions such as wind, irradiance and humidity can be controlled in the field. Thus, a rapid, relatively cheap and reliable pre-field screening methodology is required to screen large...
Dr
siviengkhek phommalath
(married)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Conventional rice breeding started in Lao PDR in 1991, 20 improve rice varieties have been released since 1993. Blast is the major disease and flooding tolerance are major breeding concerns. In 2014, the varieties: TDK8 and TDK11 were irradiated with 150 to 400 Gy. They were the most popular varieties and highly productivity but susceptible to blast and flooding. 137 mutant lines were found...
Mr
Jianwei ZHANG
(Isotope Institute Co.,Ltd, Henan Academy of Sciences / Henan Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Henan province is located in central China. It is the core wheat production area with the largest wheat cultivated area, single yield and total production and the highest quantity of export commodity grain, with 5 million hectares, accounting for about 22% of the country's wheat area, the average yield about 6150 kg/hm2, the production more than 65 million kilograms，accounting for 25% of the...
Dr
Md. Kamrul Islam
(Cotton Development Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Bangladesh is an agrarian country where, because of climate change the frequency of drought, soil salinity and waterlogging are increasing over the years and adversely affecting the productivity of the field crops including cotton. For sustainable cotton production in Bangladesh, we need to introduce and develop climate resilient cotton mutant varieties. For the introduction of heat tolerant...
Ms
Khin Myat Lwin
(Ministry of Education)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
For sustainable cotton production against climate change in Myanmar, well-developed, fresh and uniform cotton seeds were irradiated with 50 to 500Gys of ... According to the germination test and field condition, we selected the doses from 200 to 350Gys for further generation studies. The desirable mutants having higher yield, early maturity, resistant to CLCuV disease etc. were selected and...
Prof.
Mirjana Jankulovska
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food-Skopje), Prof.
Sonja Ivanovska
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food-Skopje)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
This research was performed to assess agronomic performance of ten advanced wheat mutant lines on farmers’ fields and to determine the best mutant lines for each site, the highest yielding and the most stable genotypes, as well as the most representative locations, by using GGE (Genotype + Genotype x Environment) biplot technique. Mutant lines included in the study were developed by gamma ray...
Dr
hamed ebrahimzadeh
(Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3135933151 Karaj, Iran)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Polyamines and cycocel (CCC) play important roles in the regulation of embryogenesis. The present study was conduct to investigate the effect of different concentrations of putrescine and spermidine polyamines along with CCC on the number of somatic embryos formed from gamma irradiation of pollen grains in cucumber. TheF1 hybrid cv. "Extreme" an Iranian pure line cv. "Dasjerd" were used as the...
Mrs
KIMBERLY UREÑA
(RESEARCHER), Mr
NOEL ARRIETA
(RESEARCHER)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Coffee is one of the most important crops in Latin America and has a significant socio-economic impact for thousands of families. The coffee crop is under threat due to exponential increases in biotic and abiotic factors. The use of mutation induction techniques has been successfully implemented in certain crops to obtain desirable agronomic characteristics. In coffee, mutation breeding has...
Dr
TAO GUO
(GUO)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
ANALYSING THE SPECTRUM OF SPACEFLIGHT-INDUCED MUTAGENESIS VIA HIGH THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING
Rice is an important staple food crop, and it is also the first crop that has been subjected to spaceflight-induced mutagenesis. In the present study, whole-genome sequencing of rice mutants selected following mutagenesis induced by space flight was conducted. The main results were as follows: (1)....
Dr
Jiayu Gu
(Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Chloroplast development is an integral part of plant survival and growth, and occurs in parallel with chlorophyll biosynthesis. We have obtained three novel wheat leaf colour mutants mtg, mts, and mta from spaceflight-induction. To explore the genetic variations under space environment and uncover the mechanisms, which cause the leaf colour mutations, we performed chloroplast ultra-structural...
Mr
Vichai Puripunyavanich
(R&D Division, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Chili seeds were irradiated with suitable 0.3 kGy dose at energy level 8 MeV electron beam. M1 seeds were planted in Sukhothai Horticultural Research Center and found that CA no.1131 line were suitable for growing in this area. Thirty chili anthracnose resistant plants were selected after anthracnose appearance in Sukhothai province caused by fungi (Colletotichum gloeosporioides). Chili fruits...
Mr
Andres Gatica-Arias
(University of Costa Rica)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Coffee represents the most important non-alcoholic beverage in the world economy. Nevertheless, coffee is threatened by several biotic and abiotic stresses. Crop improvement via mutagenesis represents a powerful alternative to increase genetic variability and accelerate breeding programs. In this sense, coffee embryogenic suspension cultures (ESC) and seeds were incubated with sodium azide...
Mr
Ravi Seewoogoolam
(Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute), Ms
Rita Devi Nowbuth
(Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The main crucifers (cauliflower and cabbage) and carrot are crops of notable economic importance in Mauritius. Black rot disease caused by the bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris, is causing severe yield losses in these crucifers. The disease has evolved and the new strain causes leaf spot especially in cabbage leading to considerable loss in yield and quality of produce....
Dr
Anh Vu Nguyen
(Agricultural Genetics Institute)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) is an important food crop, providing staple starch as well as material for a range of different industries including biofuel production. Vietnam has identified cassava as the most suitable crop supplying starch for bioethanol production. KM94 is currently the most popular variety occupying more than 70% of the cassava growing area. However, KM94 has a number...
Dr
Zerihun Tadele
(University of Bern)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the most important cereal crop in the Horn of Africa, especially in Ethiopia, where it is annually cultivated on over three million hectares of land, which is equivalent to 30% of the total area allocated to cereals. The large-scale cultivation of tef is due to its resilience to diverse environmental stresses. In addition to being nutritious, tef is...
Dr
Mohd Rafii Yusop
(Universiti Putra Malaysia)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Genotypes evaluation for stability and high yielding in rice is an important factor for sustainable rice production and food security. These evaluations are essential, especially when the objective of the breeding program is to select rice with high yield adaptability and stability. Based on this background, this work was carried out to evaluate and select high yielding rice genotype induced...
Ms
Malathy Parasuraman
(Department of Agriculture, Peradeniya,Sri Lanka)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
The Department of Agriculture (DOA) in Sri Lanka has initiated mutation breeding in the 1960’s with the introduction of a cobalt-60 source. The first rice mutant variety, M1273 was released for general cultivation in 1971. M1273, derived from H-4 irradiated with 35 kR gamma rays, was suitable for regions affected with occasional drought. Indirect rice mutant variety, developed by crossing a...
Mrs
Minh Tuyen Vo Thi
(Agricultural Genetics Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Vietnam is one of the top 5 countries that studies reveal will be severely impacted by climate change. Bad harvests, natural calamities, floods, and pests and diseases will also occur more often. For adaptation to mentioned challenges, cultivation of varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses are required. In this study, the result of application of irradiated techniques and...
Prof.
Rajbir Singh Sangwan
(1. Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire AEB - EDYSAN, 33 Rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Mutation induction has been a routine tool for the generation of genetic variation in crop germplasm and has played a significant role in plant breeding. Spontaneous mutations, which occur at a low frequency, can be enhanced using both in vivo and in vitro techniques in combination with physical and chemical mutagenesis. In vegetatively propagated plants, mutagenesis can be performed in vivo...
Dr
Ramdas Borse
(Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Pravaranagar)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
In India, Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important fodder crop which is rich in calcium, minerals, proteins and other nutrients. It not only increases fat value, but also increases the milk yield. Gamma irradiation has been effectively used to induce useful mutation and enrich the biochemical components in alfalfa. Seeds of Medicago sativa L. were irradiated with 5KR, 20KR, 35KR, 50KR and...
Mr
D.G.K.P. Wijerathna
(Rice Research and Development Institute, Batalagoda, Ibbagamuwa, Sri Lanka), Dr
H.M.V.G. Herath
(Department of Agric. Biology. Faculty of Agriculture,University of Peradeniya), Mrs
R.M.N.H. Senanayake
(Rice Research and Development Institute, Batalagoda, Ibbagamuwa, Sri Lanka), Dr
U.A.K.S. Udawela
(Rice Research and Development Institute, Batalagoda, Ibbagamuwa, Sri Lanka)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
The productivity of rice is greatly affected by soil salinity which is the second most widespread soil problem after drought in rice growing areas in the world. This research was aimed to analyse Sri Lankan rice varieties grown in salinity affected areas, with the SSR markers closer to, previously identified – Saltol QTL – located on chromosome 1 and use those data in rice breeding and gene...
Dr
Arumugam Pillai
(TNAU)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Background:
Improved White Ponni (IWP), a tall and medium duration rice variety is famous for its superior grain qualities. However, the variety is susceptible to lodging and takes long duration for maturity. In this study, twenty M6 generation of IWP mutants primarily developed for semi-dwarfism and early maturity were assessed for the level of morphological and molecular variability....
Mrs
Poonam Bhad
(NABTD. BARC, Mumbai)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is valued for its edible oil and for direct consumption. It is rich source of nutrients and antioxidants. These traits are polygenic in nature and association mapping is an ideal approach for efficiently exploring the genetic basis for these traits. In present study, 98 peanut genotypes including diverse mutants were used to identify molecular markers...
Dr
Ayse SEN
(Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler-Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Increasing aridity of semi-arid regions and limited water resources have led to a crucial necessity for improving crop resistance to drought. Induced mutations play a significant role in adaptation to stress conditions, mutants are valuable germplasm resources in crop improvement programs. Molecular association mapping technique through linkage disequilibrium is one of the other approaches...
Dr
Mohammad Reza Rahemi
(Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
About 13 million acres of wheat are cultivated in Iran. Wheat is one of the most important cereals for human nutrition and this is mostly related to physical and chemical properties of gluten in wheat seed. Wheat baking quality is under the control of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors can be improved through breeding. A significant barrier in plant breeding is the availability...
Dr
Ramon Scherer
(Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (Epagri) - Brazil)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Epagri is carrying out a project aimed at the induction of mutants for resistance to banana diseases by irradiation of in vitro shoots of the cultivar SCS451 Catarina. The first step was the determination of sensitivity to gamma rays using doses of 0; 12.5; 25; 37.5 and 50 Gy. As it is known if in a shoot tip after treatment with any mutagen the mutation may be induced in M1V1, however, there...
Dr
Vasilissa Manova
(Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Plant genome reacts to ultraviolet radiation by altering the transcriptional pattern of some genes leading to the activation of complex cellular defence mechanisms. Whilst, intensive research and achievements have been obtained in this area, new networks and players of plant’s response to UV-stress continue to emerge. In this study we found that barley actin gene was strongly up-regulated in...
Dr
Marzena Kurowska
(Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Poland)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
SNAC1 is a member of NAC transcription factor family involved in the response to abiotic stresses, including drought and hydrogen peroxide homeostasis. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesion IN Genomes) strategy is an efficient reverse genetics tool for generating new alleles in genes of interest. In the presented study the TILLING approach was used for functional analysis of HvSNAC1 gene in...
213.
BARLEY MUTANT RESOURCES FOR FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF GENES INVOLVED IN RESPONSE TO DROUGHT STRESS
Prof.
Iwona Szarejko
(Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Poland)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a reverse genetics strategy that combines the classical mutagenesis and a high-throughput identification of mutations within a gene of interest. We have created a TILLING platform, HorTILLUS (Hordeum vulgare – TILLING – University of Silesia) and used it for functional analysis of genes involved in ABA-related response to drought stress...
Jacob Mignouna
(Biosciences eastern and central Africa (BecA-ILRI-Hub))
Oral
The demand for food is set to increase due to a growing population while on the contrary, climate change is emerging to be the biggest threat to agricultural production as more lands are becoming marginalized. To cope with the increasing demand for food and other plant-based products, the need to diversify and intensify crop production could not be more emphasized. Significant progress in the...
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Food and nutrition security at the household level remain significant challenges in Botswana’s pursuit of sustainable development goals. The general population of Botswana depends on cereal and pulse crops for their food and nutrition security. Cowpea is one of the main pulse crops and is regarded by many as the poor man’s meat due to its richness in protein. However, the presence of phytic...
Dr
Guillermo del Carmen Reyes-Castro
(Uniiversidad Nacional Agraria, Nicaragua)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
An IAEA-funded four years national project will be carried out with the objective of expanding the genetic variability of cocoyam, taro and plantain through the induced mutations on in vitro plants of two cultivars per crops, searching for diseases tolerant and climate change adapted genetic variants. These crops are sources of protein and carbohydrates for consumers and income for farmers in...
Dr
Dariusz Kulus
(UTP UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS AND VEGETABLE CROPS – LABORATORY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
The impact of cryo-treatment (storage in liquid nitrogen) on the stability of plant material is still ambiguous. It would be interesting to learn, whether liquid nitrogen could be a potentially valuable tool in mutation breeding. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the stability of three chrysanthemum cultivars cryopreserved via encapsulation-dehydration technique. Shoot tips were...
161.
CARBON ION BEAM IRRADIATION TECHNIQUE SHORTENS BREEDING CYCLE AND INDUCES NOVEL MUTANTS IN RICE
Dr
Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Rice cultivars Ashfal, NERICA-10 and Kasalath were submitted twice to 26.7 MeV/n carbon ions beam irradiation to induce stable mutants even in M1 generation. In the cultivar Ashfal, M1 fixed mutant was obtained with 200 Gy dose but in the other two cultivars NERICA-10 and Kasalath the dose range was 40-80 Gy. The irradiation was accomplished from Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma,...
Dr
Agustin Molina
(Bioversity International, Los Banos Philippines)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Epidemics of Fusarium Wilt caused by *Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense* Tropical Race 4 is a serious threat to the sustainability of the more than 80,000 hectares of Philippines Cavendish industry. The industry brings about a billion US$ annual export and providing direct employment to a nearly 500,000 people in Southern Philippines. In 2013, 3,000 hectares were reported abandoned due to...
Dr
Chahine Karmous
(Ecole supérieure d'Agriculture de Mateur)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Cereal breeding programs are mainly released by governmental research institutions targeting disease resistance and yield increase. Most of the programs for durum wheat and barley are closely linked to international research centres such as CIMMYT and ICARDA for providing parental material, although, since the last decade, some of this material is also developed locally. There were few...
Dr
Hyun-Sook Lee
(Chungnam NAtional University), Prof.
Sang-Nag Ahn
(Chungnam National University)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
An analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling chlorophyll content was conducted using introgression lines (CR7501 and CR2002) derived from a cross between the Oryza sativa japonica cultivar ‘Hwaseong’ as a recurrent parent and wild species O. grandiglumis as a donor parent. These two lines showed higher chlorophyll content than Hwaseong. For QTL analysis, we constructed 58 F3 and 17...
Dr
Li Zhu
(Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is ranked as the fifth most important grain crop and serves as a major versatile C4 model crop for research in gramineae. High-quality genome sequence is available for sorghum functional genomics, but the availability of genomic and germplasm resources remains limited for functional validation of genes. Chemical mutagenesis of sorghum germplasm, followed by screening...
Dr
Regina C. Oliveira
(Universidade de Brasília), Dr
Stephan Nielen
(Internatioal Atomic Energy Agency)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Native Kenya brachiaria grasses (= Urochloa spp.) samples and their radiation-induced mutants are cultivated in the experimental field at the Beef Research Centre, Nakuru, Kenya for genetic improvement to increase productivity of smallholder dairy farms. The aim of the present work was to collect new samples of germplasm, characterize ecotypes and mutants. Non-irradiated controls and mutant...
Dr
HyunJung Kim
(UC Davis)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Arsenic (As), a known carcinogen that predominantly exists as arsenite in irrigated rice fields, has similar chemical properties to silicic acid (Si). The *Lsi1* (*Low silicon 1*) and *Lsi2* genes are involved in As and Si uptake by rice plants and *OsABCC1* (*O. sativa C-type ATP-binding cassette transporter family 1*) affects accumulation of As in grains. The objective of this research is to...
Mr
Guruprasad Hiremath
(PhD Scholar)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Stay green is an economically important and complex trait for drought tolerance. The present investigation was conducted to identify the drought tolerant stay-green genotypes with desirable root traits which are essential to extract moisture from deeper layers of the soil under drought conditions. The study comprises three non-stay-green checks and seven Alternaria disease resistant stay-green...
Ms
Ethel Velasquez
(Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Due to its large geographic coverage and diverse climatic regions, Chile has a large variety of plant species. As a consequence of natural processes and human activities, climate change, wildfires and a decrease of cultivable lands, many crop variants run the risk of extinction. Furthermore, Chile needs to improve the quality and productivity of its crops. In this context, induced mutagenesis...
Mr
Hiroaki Yamanouchi
(Radiation Breeding Division, Institute of Crop Science, The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Because somatic mutations begin in a single mutated cell surrounded by wild-type cells, the mutants are inevitably in a chimeric state for some time after they first occur. The periclinal chimera state (e.g., only one layer in a shoot apical meristem consists of mutant cells) is usually held to be stable. Here, we used mutant cultivars of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) and mulberry (Morus...
Prof.
M. Ilhan Cagirgan
(Antalya Mutation Project, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya-Turkey)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an ancient oilseed crop still very much appreciated and is suitable to different crop management systems in tropics and subtropics. Despite this antiquity, the main problem in its cultivation is the shattering at maturity by splitting of the fruits; the so-called capsules along their sutures and spreading of the seeds to ground. This wild plant characteristic...
Dr
Tan Phuong Tran
(Plant Breeding Center)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Breeding for aromatic rice varieties having high grain quality, insect and disease resistance ability and increased yield is the objective of this research to satisfy domestic consumers and increase commercial value for exported market. The procedure to obtain the mutants may be summarized as follows: seeds of local Tam Thom TT1 and ST3 were incubated in a water bath at 33 °C for 48 h to...
Dr
VINOD DHOLE
(BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE, MUMBAI, INDIA)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Induced mutation is very useful in mungbean as natural genetic variation is limited. The present study was conducted to induce variability through induced mutation, compare efficiency and effectiveness of gamma rays with electron beam based on frequency and spectrum of mutant and efficiency to detect novel mutations in the M2 generation. Seeds of mungbean variety TM 96-2 were irradiated with...
Prof.
Libin ZHOU
(Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Mutation breeding induced by irradiation with high energetic photons and ion beams is one of the important methods used to improve plant varieties, but the mutagenic effects and the molecular mechanisms are often not entirely clear. Traditional research focused on phenotype screening, chromosome aberration test and genetic variation analysis of specific genes. Recently, the whole genome...
Dr
Anil Wabale
(Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Pravaranagar)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Peroxidase is one of the important enzymes present in all tissues and performs catalytic functions. It is suitable as a model enzyme for studying the effect of any mutagen. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the effect of sodium azide (SA) on peroxidase composition in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), with an objective of finding its mode of action i.e. whether it...
Norman Warthmann
(IAEA - Seibersdorf Laboratory),
Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Labratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Applicatication in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Wad Ahmed is a Sorghum variety popular among farmers in Sudan, except that it matures slightly late and is (too) tall making it prone to yield losses caused by terminal drought and lodging. Mutagenesis and breeding work was undertaken to obtain early-maturing and semi-dwarf mutants and we are developing molecular markers to facilitate use of these new traits in breeding programs. Seed bags of...
Dr
Yassine MABROUK
(Centre National des Scinces et Technologies Nucleaires)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most popular vegetables in many regions of the world. Chickpea is an important pulse crop and a major source of protein in human diet. In Tunisia, because of biotic and abiotic constraints, the cultivated area and production is unstable and is decreasing. The presence of fungi including Ascochyta blight, Fusarium wilt, black collar and root rot, dry...
Dr
KALALUKA MUNYINDA
(UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a major legume crop in Southern Africa. Cowpea provides a highly nutritious and inexpensive source of protein especially for low-income families. Production is characterized by low yields of less than 1.0 ton/ha against a potential of more than 4.0 ton/ha. The present project aims at developing improved cowpea varieties with high yield potential but with...
Prof.
Fatemeh Maghuly
(PBU, BOKU, Vienna)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Significant efforts toward the identification, characterization, screening and discovery of mutations in genes of interest have been made successfully in plants and animal by targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING). The combination of induced mutagenesis with high throughput sequencing is a powerful tool for generating allelic series, introducing variation and enables gene...
Ms
Busiso Mavankeni
(Crop Breeding Institute)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) is a grain legume crop with a great potential of contributing to food and nutrition security in Zimbabwe. It has high protein content (17-23%) with high levels of methionine and lysine. The major constraints faced by farmers in Zimbabwe in the production of Bambara groundnut include the long maturity duration exhibited by the crop, unavailability...
Mr
Ravi Seewoogoolam
(Nil), Ms
Rita Devi Nowbuth
(Nil)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis and cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata are two important cruciferous crops in Mauritius. Local landraces of both crops are available which are adapted for growth during the cooler months of the year but are susceptible to black rot disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris. A mutation breeding programme was initiated to improve...
128.
DETERMINATION OF RADIOSENSITIVITY OF COFFEA ARABICA VAR. VENECIA SEEDS TO GAMMA RAY IRRADIATION
Mr
NOEL ARRIETA
(RESEARCHER), Ms
REINA CESPEDES
(RESEARCHER)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Coffee is one of the most commercially available raw materials, being the tropical product with the highest marketing value in the world. In Costa Rica it is the third most important product for agricultural sector exports and provides the main income for many families in the country. However, coffee is under threat due to the Coffee Leaf Rust disease (CLR) . Mutation breeding in coffee a...
Dr
EMMANUEL OGWOK
(NATIONAL CROPS RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Cassava is a tropical food security crop that is grown by many farming families in Uganda. The crop is resistant to drought conditions, does well in low fertility soils, and low input production systems. The roots are a very handy source of energy for humans and livestock, and a focus for many industrial applications. The dual epidemic of cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic...
Dr
Ayse SEN
(Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler-Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world, feeding more than 50% of the world’s population. However, an exponential growth in the world’s population, particularly in developing countries where rice is the major stable food resource, demands increased rice production. Moreover, recent abrupt climate changes make crop production more difficult. This situation...
Prof.
Diaga DIOUF
(Université Cheikh Anta Diop)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the most important legume staple food and forage crop in Africa. Because of its low genetic diversity, several breeding programs based on classical techniques have been implemented to develop new resistant varieties to biotic or abiotic constraints. Despite these attempts, the genetic basis of the crop is still narrow and thus, it appears that there is a...
Dr
Carmenza Munoz Florez
(FIDAR)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is better adapted to heat and drought stress than common bean (P. vulgaris L.). Mutant lines of two cultivated tepary accessions (G40068 and G40159) were generated by EMS treatment. The M6 mutated lines: CMT 38, CMT 109, CMT 187 and their original (M0) accessions were evaluated for heat and drought tolerance under greenhouse conditions. Their...
Dr
Faten Raad
(MOA/LARI)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
A mutation experiment was conducted at the Lebanese Agricultural Research institute (LARI), Lebanon, Tel Amara station in 2014 on two wheat genotypes (Seri 82 and Breiji) and on one barley genotype (Assi), treating with different gamma radiation doses (150, 200, 250 and 300 Gy. Several traits were studied over 4 years which started in 2011 on four mutated generations (M1, M2, M3 and M4...
Dr
Zia-ul-Qamar Qamar
(Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Breeding low phytate (Lpa) crops is the sustainable solution for complementing human mineral deficiencies in some important nutrients. Through induced mutation, three Lpa mutants, with up to 58% reduction in phytic acid but showing poor yield and low germination rate, were identified. Hybridization/backcrosses were performed and three generations (F2:3, F3:4 and BC1F2:3) were developed and...
Dr
Yeong Deuk Cho
(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Pepper is one of the most important vegetable crops in the Solanaceae family. Although the complete genome sequence has been reported and genetic studies have been performed for many important traits in pepper, a broader range of genetic resources for breeding and functional genomics studies are still required. Therefore, we developed mutant populations using radiation and an optimized a...
Dr
Hiroshi Kato
(NARO, Institute of Crop Science, Radiation Breeding Division)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
The selection of higher yield physiological mutants had not yet been achieved in the 90 years history of crop mutation breeding. This is because physiological traits which cause higher yields than existing high yield varieties were unknown and we did not have any practical methods for selecting unknown physiological traits. We developed a new mutation breeding method of rice in which plant...
Mr
Chengxi Jiang
(Suihua Branch Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suihua, Heilongjiang, China)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Suinong 44 was obtained through hybridization breeding of soybean varieties. Kenfeng 16 and Suinong 22 were used as female and male parents, respectively. In April 2016, this variety passed the examination and was approved by Heilongjiang Committee of Crop Variety Examination and Approval because of its outstanding characteristics, such as high-yielding, disease-resistant, strong lodging...
Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
(Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Poland)
Poster
Aluminium is the third most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. In acidic soils it solubilizes to Al3+ ions, that are phytotoxic and cause root growth inhibition. Around 50% of arable lands are acidic. Barley is one of the crops most sensitive to Al it is a good model for studying Aluminium response. The common mechanism of Aluminium tolerance is related to excretion of organic acids. Here...
Dr
Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
To support rice agriculture withstand the climate change driven problems like salinity, drought and extreme temperatures and maintain or increase crop production with Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) released a late Boro rice variety, ‘Binadhan-14’ in 2013 which is tolerant to high temperature (38-40°C), has short duration to maturity (105-125 days), saves 20% irrigation...
Dr
Khine Khine Zar Linn
(Ministry of Education, Myanmar), Dr
Myat Myat Minn
(Biotechnology Research Department)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Water deficit reduces plant growth and development, leading to lower yield. This study was focused on developing drought tolerance rice mutant lines with the same grain quality as the original rice variety and on determining the effects of water stress on promising mutant lines of rice var. Manawthukha. Dry seeds of rice, Manawthukha were irradiated with the dose of 300 Gy of gamma rays from...
Mr
Rigyan Gupta
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture), Dr
Shamsun Nahar Begum
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Chickpea has a high yield potential, is nutritious importance and has diversified uses compared to other pulse crops. Mutation breeding program was undertaken at BINA with the aim to develop early maturing, large-seeded and high yielding variety(ies) of chickpea. Seeds of a popular chickpea variety, Binasola-2 were treated with different doses of gamma-rays- 200, 300 and 400 Gy. The treated...
Dr
Joy Manjaya
(Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai - 400 085 India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Linseed is one of the important rabi oilseed crops of India. Paira/utera (zero tilling) cropping system has been in practice for efficient use of residual moisture in rice fields. About 25% of the linseed area (0.5 million ha) is under utera cropping. Development of early maturing cultivars with high yield will be best suited for utera cropping to overcome the poor yield levels by maximising...
Dr
Suvendu Mondal
(Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Electron beam accelerators have been used as radiation sources for a variety of industrial and biological applications. Such a facility has been used for mutation breeding experiments involving improvement of agronomic traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). A 10 MeV linear accelerator facility was used for seed irradiation and standardized for low dose application (0.1 to 1 kGy) in pulse...
Dr
Lavanya Cherukupalli
(ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
DPC-9, a popular pistillate line of castor bean (Ricinus communis) is highly susceptible to leafhopper which is tightly linked to a monogenic trait absence or zero bloom (no waxy bloom) on different plant parts. Seeds of DPC-9 were treated with 550 Gy r-rays at BARC, Mumbai. Generations of M1 to M10 were raised in winter, at optimal nutrition and irrigation every year and the plants received...
Mr
Abdulwahid Saif
(Agricultural Research &Extension Authority (AREA)- Yemen)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Wheat is an important world crop and continues to play a crucial role in the national food security of Yemen. Rusts are very deleterious diseases on wheat and include stem rust or black rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. Tritici) of which a virulent strain developed known as UG99. M3 mutant families derived from two bread wheat varieties namely Giza 186 and Saha 93 were planted (13 from Giza 186...
Lixia Wang
(PhD),
Suhua Wang
(Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS), Dr
xuzhen Cheng
(Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Space mutation is a new and efficient way to obtain a high frequency of variations for crop breeding. In the past years, we provided a series of food legumes collections for space mutation and continually observed their performances in the field for several generations. The results were as follow: (1) The germination ratio of SP1 obviously decreased shortly after space mutation, compared with...
Prof.
Murat Seker
(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Developments in citrus biotechnology, especially in callus cultures have opened new opportunities to develop new rootstocks and cultivars. Polyploidy is one of the main breeding goals in order to obtain new genotypes with improved characteristics to develop citrus germplasm. Flow cytometry is a highly developed early and rapid selection technique that aims to analyze mutant cells and its...
Dr
Sudhir kumar Gupta
(Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is an important legume crop of India. Because of its high protein content, soybean is also used as nutritionally important feed in animal and poultry industry. However, consumption of soybean seed as food is restricted because of the presence of many anti-nutritional factors like trypsin inhibitors and phytic acid. Trypsin inhibitors are considered...
Mr
Dhanasekar Punniyamoorthy
(Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Legumes/pulses form an integral component of Indian agriculture complementing cereals and ensuring nutritional security of predominantly vegetarian population of the country. To make India self-sufficient in pulses and to meet the buffer stock requirement, it becomes imperative to augment horizontal and vertical growth. Horizontal growth primarily by expanding pulses area could be accomplished...
Mr
UMESH KUMAR UMESH
(CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a mutagen-based, non-transgenic, effective, reverse genetic technology, which is utilized for functional genomics studies. Gossypium herbaceum (2n=2x=26) withstand drought, thus it maximum cultivation occurs in the rain-fed regions of Asia. The cotton genome(s) and transcriptome(s) sequencing studies of Gossypium spp. provide information...
Dr
Vasilissa Manova
(Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Accumulation of DNA damage is a hallmark of aged seeds; therefore, the successful repair during imbibition is an important prerequisite for seed germination and further seedling development. In this work we investigated the effects of aging and ionizing radiation on the germination potential of barley seeds and their ability to activate cellular DNA damage repair response systems. Aged and...
Prof.
Kenneth Danso
(Ghana Atomic Energy Commission)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mutation induction has a great potential to create genetic variability in plant populations for subsequent selection of novel characteristics for human and other needs. In oil palm, the exploitation of this technology is still rudimentary. In this study, oil palm propagules and pollen were irradiated with gamma radiation to determine the optimal irradiation doses for mutation induction in oil...
Dr
Meriem LAOUAR
(ENSA/INRAA), Mrs
Wahiba Tiliouine
(INRAA/ENSA)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Algeria is the third most importers in the world of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The productions are very low because specially the lack of adapted and productive varieties. Radio-mutagenesis is one of ways to create new variability for selection according to environmental conditions. Mutation was induced using gamma rays in two varieties Idlib-3 (lentil)...
Ms
Ouhoud Al-Ragam
(Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Increasing agricultural production in an arid land like Kuwait is a major challenge owing to its harsh environmental conditions. A study was implemented by the Desert Agriculture and Ecosystems (DAEP) programme at the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) as part of an IAEA Coordinated Research Project to test the growth and performance of mutant barley lines in Kuwati agronomic...
Dr
SHIVRAM KHADKE
(SMT. KASTURBAI WALCHAND COLLEGE, SANGLI, M.S. INDIA)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia, Jacq. Marechal) is one of the most important pulse species of India, however, it contains a great amount of antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors (TI). Seeds of local variety of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) were treated with three different concentrations of each chemical mutagens EMS and SA and the morphological mutants were...
Dr
Mahesh Kharde
(Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Pravaranagar)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) is an ancient crop cultivated in about 40 countries of the world. India is the largest producer sharing 75% of the world’s production. In modern agriculture a remarkable progress has been done in increasing the genetic potential for crop productivity. Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) is a chemical mutagen which was used to test its effect on seed germination in...
Dr
MEHMET YILDIRIM
(Dicle University)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
This study was carried out during the winter growing season of 2012/2013 and 2015-2016 at the Field Crops Department, Agriculture Faculty of Dicle University, Turkey. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of different doses of gamma ray (0, 100, 200 and 300 Gy) in M1 and M2 plants of “Guney Yildizi” durum wheat cultivar. Seeds of wheat were irradiated with gamma rays from 60Co...
Mrs
Kamani Wijesena
(Rice Research & Development Institute, Department of Agriculture)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Development of rice varieties using induce mutation has seldom been applied in Sri Lanka. This study was carried out to determine the effect of gamma irradiation doses on seed germination and different plant growth parameters of three rice varieties. Two hundred grams of seeds of three rice varieties cultivated in Sri Lanka (Bg 94-1, Bg 1165-6, Suwandal) were subjected to gamma rays from 60Co...
Mr
SHITALKUMAR DESAI
(Dept of Botany, Shivaji university, Kolhapur)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Kala Jirga, a local non-basmati aromatic rice cultivar (landrace) grown in Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India possesses a good aroma quality, it has low yield potential and a very good potential for domestic market. 500 seeds bulks of Kala Jirga cultivar were subjected separately to mutagenic treatments with gamma rays (100, 200 and 300Gy), Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%...
Dr
Azam Borzouei
(Assistant Professor, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute. Karaj, Iran)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Mutations induced by radiation with gamma rays has had a major role in improving the most of main agronomic traits in plants. In order to determine some stability indices related to wheat grain yield the fifth generation (M5) under salinity conditions, 15 selected lines from the fourth mutant generation (M4) together with two parents' genotypes (‘Arg’ and ‘Bam’) and two genotypes produced in...
Dr
Vasilissa Manova
(Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Photomorphogenic regulators COP1 (Constitutive photomorphogenic 1) and HY5 (Hypocotyl5) play a key role in plant development, and are principally important during the transition from dark to light growth. AtCOP1 and AtHY5 are also involved in the transcriptional control of photolyase genes. Here we characterized the expression of barley COP1 and HY5 gene homologues in dark- and light-grown...
Dr
Chikelu Mba
(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Oral
The chance discoveries of dometicable spontaneous plant mutants made the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture possible. The methods for breeding ever higher yielding and more resilient and nutritious crop varieties to sustain a continually growing human population have been evolving rapidly. Cross-breeding; induced mutations (using physical and chemical agents); and...
Dr
Sunil Dalvi
(Scientific Officer)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Chemical mutagenesis was applied in sugarcane to improve desirable characters. In this study, young inflorescence explants of Indian sugarcane cultivar CoC 671 were exposed to Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS) along with 0.1% polyethylene glycol used in callus induction media. Three hundred shoots were regenerated and transplanted in the field for selecting desired mutants. Eleven mutants were...
82.
ENHANCING EFFICIENCY OF MUTATION BREEDING FOR STRIGA RESISTANCE IN SORGHUM BY HAPLOID TECHNOLOGY
Prof.
Mehran Enayati Shariatpanahi
(Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3135933151 Karaj, Iran)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Plant breeding programmes are based on creating genetic variation and selection of desired genotypes. Induced mutation and selection has been used extensively to improve yield, quality, disease and pest resistance in a wide range of crops. Root parasitic weeds in the genus Striga are the major biological constraints to sorghum production in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia. Progress in...
Mrs
Aisha Al-Kuwari
(head of genetic resources dept), Dr
ELSAYED ELAZAZI
(PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES EXPERT)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Over the past 50 years, induced mutation has played a major role in the development of high genetic variability and helped develop many new superior crop varieties: both in vegetative and seed propagated plants. Heat and salinity are the major abiotic stresses limiting crop production in Qatar. Food availability is an essential situation for food security. Qatar has developed an ambitious...
Mrs
linshu zhao
(Institute of Crop Science, CAAS)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Anther culture plays important roles in the breeding, construction of doubled haploid (DH) genetic population, mutagenesis and transgenic researches. DH increases efficiency of selection of mutants and accelerate development of varieties. Five characters of anther culture of six winter wheat genotypes were identified through the vernalization, generation acceleration in greenhouse, using...
Prof.
Fatemeh Maghuly
(PBU, BOKU)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Jatropha curcas L. is an undomesticated perennial plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. It is native to America, but is distributed widely in the tropical and subtropical areas. The high production of oil bearing seeds makes it a potential candidate for a sustainable biofuel crop. To achieve a competitive biofuel producing cultivar it is necessary to eliminate existing deficits by...
Dr
Shqiang Chen
(CCP)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Thinopyrum elongatum is one of the important relatives of wheat. It is favoured by many researchers for the disease resistant genes that exist in its E genome. Some studies have shown that the 7E chromosome of T. elongatum contains resistance genes related to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Therefore, establishment of wheat – T. elongatum 7E chromosome translocation lines with FHB resistance is...
Prof.
Mirjana Jankulovska
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food-Skopje)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
The main goals of the study were to evaluate agronomic performance of wheat mutant lines; to detect the effect of genotype, location and different fertilizer level on analysed traits; to assess seed and feed quality and to select best performing mutant lines for dual purpose growing. 10 wheat mutant lines were sown on two locations in Macedonia, for evaluation of their agronomic performance....
Mrs
Luz Gomez-Pando
(Professor)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In Peru communities located above 4,000 meters, live mainly from husbandry and use the land exclusively for this purpose and those located at lower altitudes combine farming with livestock. Barley has been adapted to the highland and grow well above 3000m, and has been cultivated since XVI century in the adverse conditions of the highlands. In the highland region, 70% of barley grain...
Ms
Annah Indetie
(KALRO-Kenya)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Poor nutrition is one of the major constraints for livestock productivity in Kenya and this is due to recurrent droughts affecting the plants used as fodder. These pasture deficiencies can be mitigated by breeding and selecting highly nutritive pastures that are drought tolerant. Brachiaria spp. is a perennial drought tolerant grass. It has been introduced in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and...
Dr
Aryanti Aryanti
(Center For Applications of isotopes and Radiation, Nuclear Energy Agency, Jakarta-Indonesia)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Marginal land in Indonesia occupy around 100 million ha, most of these land is dry land. These dry land can be used for agriculture purposes with Crops tolerance to drought. Developing of rice tolerance to drought throught mutation induction is becoming important strategy to stabilize rice production. Seven selected drought tolerance rice mutant lines obtained from mutation induction of...
Prof.
Amina Aly
(National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Wheat (Triticum aestivum vulgare L) is the major human consumable commodity in most areas of the world including Egypt. The productivity of wheat is adversely affected by salt stress, which is associated with decreased germination percentage, reduced growth, altered reproductive behaviour, altered enzymatic activities and disrupted photosynthesis. The irradiation of seeds may cause beneficial...
Prof.
Heinrich GRAUSGRUBER
(BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is grown on around 50 million hectares and is the fifth important crop in the world. Its grain is mostly used as fodder for livestock or as malt for beer and whisky. Within this study, mutant stocks of barley were investigated for their suitability as forage crop. Forage barley can either be grazed at early growth stage or produced into silage or hay at heading,...
Dr
Mohammad Reza Rahemi
(Researcher)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In Iran cotton cultivation area is approximately 100 000 hectares and there are some limitations for increasing this area. Several research results reveal that main problems are the fact that the increase in minimum temperatures is more widespread than for the maximum temperature; also, the temperature has risen between 2.5 and 5 degrees centigrade; moreover, the amount of precipitation has...
Mr
Abdullah Al-Shatti
(Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mutant barley genotypes that have evolved under stress conditions using the improved genetic resources have the desired morphological, physiological and agronomic traits. The Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) initiated this study in collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to test the growth performance of barley mutant varieties by adopting suitable...
Dr
Hong-Il Choi
(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Ionizing radiations are widely used as physical mutagens in mutation breeding. Proton beams (PBs), which are generally regarded as low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, are known to have physically intermediate properties between low LET gamma rays (GRs) and high LET ion beams, but have still not been utilized for breeding. This study was conducted to estimate the biological effect of...
Dr
Adel Elmaghrabi
(Biotechnology research center)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In this study, we assessed the performance of five mutations of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) resulting from irradiation of mother variety Ecsad 176 by two doses of gamma rays (150 and 200 Gy) under drought stress. Mother variety Ecsad 176 and two controls, California Mariout and Barjuj, were used for comparison. The results showed that three mutants lines showed insignificant increase when...
Dr
Dana Jawdat
(Department of Molecular Biology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Crop yields are prone to decrease even with small climatic change due to the predominance of dry lands and their high temperature sensitivity. Understanding the effects of climate change on cotton phenology and yields, may help in assessing and introducing optimal management systems to enhance the quantity and quality of cotton yields. Evaluation of advanced mutant lines in different climatic...
Mr
Lubomir Stoilov
(Professor Dr)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Breeding priority worldwide is the development of cereals adapted to stress factors like extreme temperatures, salinity and drought, limiting the growth, productivity and distribution of agricultural crops. Knowledge of the mechanisms governing stress response is a prerequisite for development of advanced breeding practices and new varieties. National IAEA project Bul5/014 for technical...
Dr
Trude Schwarzacher
(University of Leicester)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Background: Plant breeding relies on exploiting genetic variation present in crops and their wild relatives. Much natural variation is complex in its genetics and inheritance while induced mutations are generally simpler in their genetics, but usually associated with multiple deleterious characters.
Methodology: Key steps to using mutations include identification of phytotype and the gene...
Mr
Julius Baguma
(National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI))
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
The increasing demand for cassava for food and non-food uses necessitates that its breeding be made faster to respond to these demands. The characteristic long breeding cycle and heterozygous nature of cassava pose major obstacles to the rapid genetic improvement of the crop through breeding. This study was aimed at inducing doubled haploids (DHs) in cassava using wide crosses with castor bean...
Dr
Ashura Luzi-Kihupi
(Sokoine University of Agriculture), Dr
Fatma Sarsu
(IAEA), Prof.
Paul Kusolwa
(Sokoine University of Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
We evaluated mutant lines developed from two species of upland rice, Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima, in field experiments conducted during hot and dry seasons of 2015/2016 in Morogoro, Tanzania. Growth, yield and yield components of 34 Gamma induced mutant upland rice lines developed from: cv. Kihogo red and WAB 56_50, WAB 56_104 genotypes of O. sativa and from 14 genotypes of Oryza...
Prof.
Sang-Nag Ahn
(Chungnam National University)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) gw8.1 was identified in the population derived from a cross between the elite japonica cultivars; ‘Hwaseong’and Oryza rufipogon (IRGC 105491). Near isogenic lines (NILs) harboring the O. rufipogon segment on chromosome 8 showed increased grain length and weight compared to those of the recurrent parent, Hwaseong. This QTL was mapped to a 175.3-kb region...
Dr
Andrea Hricová
(Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademicka 2, 950 07 Nitra, Slovakia)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Neglected or minor species like amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) can markedly contribute to the promotion of environmental sustainability, agrobiodiversity enhancement, global food production and to the preparation of healthy foods. A nutty-flavoured amaranth grain has an attractive chemical composition and promising nutritional value when compared to other grains, whether cereals or food legumes,...
Dr
Abdulrazak Ibrahim
(Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa)
Oral
Advances in science have ushered in cutting-edge technologies that transform agriculture and human and animal health with impacts on global economy. In Africa, advances like biotechnology are at infancy mainly due to low resources and capacity. However, the launching of the Science Agenda for Agriculture in Africa (S3A), which outlines the framework for the needed reforms at technical,...
Mrs
Joanna JoannaJankowicz-Cieslak
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Improvements to massively parallel sequencing have allowed the routine recovery of natural and induced variations in genomic DNA sequence. Thus, such approaches can be considered for routine application in plant mutation breeding projects. The need for high sequence coverage to accurately recover single nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions limits the applicability of whole...
Ms
Priyadharshni SAMBATH KUMAR
(Tamilnadu Agricultural University), Mr
Selva kumar THANGARAJU
(Tamilnadu Agricultural University)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
An investigation was carried out in Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) genotype MDU 1. The MDU 1 Blackgram variety is indeterminate and duration 75 days and has high arabinose content 7.5% and has high batter volume. It was highly susceptible to Yellow Mosaic Virus (YMV) and cultivated only during September – October season. Thereby, to develop a short duration, determinate and YMV resistant...
Dr
Alexander De Andrade
(Epagri)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
The aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides (APPs) are graminicides with excellent control of many grass weeds species, including weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.). These herbicides block the fatty acid biosynthesis by inhibition of the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), and cause the death of the plant. Inducing mutation by applying gamma rays to seeds, two rice lines resistant to APPs herbicides...
Mr
Akash Ramtake
(Dept of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004), Dr
NIKHIL GAIKWAD
(DEPT OF BOTANY, SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR 416004), Mr
Shitalkumar Desai
(Dept of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004), Dr
VINOD DHOLE
(NABTD,BARC,TROMBAY, MUMBAI400085)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Ajara Ghansal, a local non-basmati aromatic rice cultivar (landrace) adapted to the agro-climatic conditions of Ajara Taluk of Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India possesses a good aroma and good cooking qualities, thus is a very good potential for domestic market. However, it has a low yield potential. Five hundred (500) Ajara Ghansal seeds were subjected to mutagenic treatments using gamma rays,...
Ms
Akemi Shimizu
(Radiation Breeding Division, Institute of Crop Science, NARO)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
New demands for various traits are arising in plant breeding. Gamma-ray irradiation can correspond to these demands promptly by adding valuable traits to leading varieties more easily. In Japan low beta-carotene and low lignin contents are favorable for rice whole crop silage (WCS). For food and animal feed rice, glabrous glume is desirable for reducing storage cost by decreasing storage space...
Dr
Thomas Tai
(U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Induced plant mutants are important resources for the breeding of improved varieties to provide food, feed and fibre to an ever-increasing global population. Furthermore, the development of powerful, high throughput sequencing-based strategies for mutation detection has increased the value of these resources, enabling functional genomics of agriculturally important traits. The major goals of...
Mrs
Sherly Rahayu
(National Nuclear Energy Agency Indonesia, Jakarta)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The primary environmental factor which causes weather damage is basically temperature, whether low and high temperature. It causes yield loss through decreasing yield components. This study was aimed to evaluate the phenotypic correlation and broad sense heritability related to low temperature stress as a result of varying altitude. Experimental design was randomized complete block design with...
Dr
Nobuko Mase
(Radiation Breeding Division, Institute of Crop Science, NARO)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Most of the important fruit crops in the subtribe Pyrinae of the Rosaceae, such as apple and pear, exhibit S-RNase–based self-incompatibility. In 2013, we selected a pollen-part self-compatible mutant of Japanese pear (*Pyrus pyrifolia*), designated 415-1, from the progeny of a cross using pollen from a ‘Kosui’ tree chronically exposed to low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation in the gamma field at...
Prof.
Ishak Ishak
(Center for The Applications of Isotopes and Radiation)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
***Abstract***
Molecular characterization of aromatic rice mutant lines used primer 16PFXa, RM122, and pTA248 linked to Xa1, xa5 and Xa21 resistance gene respectively. These primers have been used for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for identification of DNA fragment and sequences related to *Xanthomonas oryzae pf oryzae (Xoo)* resistance in rice. Single DNA fragment linked to Xa1 and xa5...
Mrs
Yuliasti Yuliasti
(Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application, National Nuclear Energy Agency)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Development of drought-tolerant varieties is an effective alternative to overcome this abiotic stress. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic diversity and relationship among soybean mutant lines using SSR markers and to select promising mutant lines with high yield under dry land condition. A total of 14 soybean mutant lines derived from induced mutation (Mutant A, B, C....
Mrs
Kumuduni Senarathne Menike
(Department of Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Capsicum chinense and C. frutescens are common cultivated chilli species in some parts of Sri Lanka. Genetic diversity of thirteen Capsicum accessions was assessed by morphological and molecular means. Plants were raised in a randomized complete block design with two replicates during yala 2016 and maha 2016/17 at the Field Crops Research and Development Institute, Mahailluppallama, Sri Lanka....
Dr
KELVIN KAMFWA
(UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an important crop in Zambia. It plays an important role in food and nutritional security of Zambia. Productivity of common bean in Zambia is low, with a national average yield of 500 Kg Ha. Several factors contribute to low productivity including the planting of landraces that have low yield potential, and are susceptible to diseases, pests, low soil...
Mr
Andres Gatica-Arias
(University of Costa Rica)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Rice is a cereal of great nutritional importance in Costa Rica and is mainly cultivated in areas that are prone to accumulate salts due to a combination of bad agricultural practices, climatic conditions, such as low rainfall soil erosion and poor drainage. One alternative to solve this problem is through the genetic improvement of rice, e.g. by induced mutagenesis. Rice seeds and embryogenic...
Dr
Zhen Yang
(Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science and Space Breeding)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Radiation-induced mutation can generate useful genetic variation in crops and has been widely used for rice germplasm innovation. To determine the pattern of DNA polymorphism in radiation-induced mutations in M1 population, we performed whole genome sequencing of rice cultivar Gaogengnuo lines treated with 300 Gy and 400 Gy 60Co-gamma radiations. The Gaogengnuo resequencing data of 4×fold...
Dr
Lydia Ndinelao Horn
(Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Grain yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is considerably low in the northern communal areas of Namibia where the crop is predominantly cultivated. This is attributed to: i) the lack of improved and well-adapted cultivars,ii) limited water availability, as well as iii) the effects of genotype by environment (G x E) interaction on the crop productivity. The objectives of this study were to...
Dr
Elgailani Abdalla
(Agricultural Research Corporation)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) produced in the traditional small-scale rain fed sector of Western Sudan accounts for 80% of the total annual groundnut acreage producing 70% of the total production. Low productivity of groundnut is a characteristic feature in North Kordofan State which is characterized as the most vulnerable state to the impact of climate change. Terminal drought stress...
Dr
Shatha Yousif
(Ministry of Science & Technology, Baghdad-Iraq)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Hydroponic culture was performed to investigate the physiological responses of three mutant lines with their wild-type parent under drought stress. Mutants; Noor 5, Noor6 and Noor7 along with cv. Al Noor (parent) were subjected to 2 levels (0 and 10%) of polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). Growth at the seedling stage was evaluated. Differential Display Reverse Trancriptase- DDRT was applied...
Prof.
Mehran Enayati Shariatpanahi
(Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3135933151 Karaj, Iran)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and S. hermonthica cause a significant reduction in the yield of rice. Identification of resistant hosts by application of mutation breeding and doubled haploidy is one of the most viable control options. The aim of this research was to develop androgenesis technology for production of mutant doubled haploid population in rice. Different inductive...
Dr
Yanina Arnaoudova
(Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Induced mutagenesis appears as one of the most powerful methods for creating genetic variability to develop starting material for breeding purposes. This also requires extensive research into mutant forms and their hybrid varieties. A prospective trend in selection is the creation of F1 hybrids with high tolerance to abiotic stress. The high temperature (HT) is already a significant factor of...
167.
HIGH YIELDING AND EARLY MATURITY BARLEY MUTANT LINE OBTAINED THROUGH IN VITRO RADIO-MUTAGENESIS
Ms
Dalila Ramla
(Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique d'Algérie)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In vitro cultures are important tools for plant improvement, they allow increased efficiency of selection and the regeneration of desired mutant plants in the presence of selective agents. They also allow in vitro multiplication of selected lines. The combination of tissue culture systems with mutagenesis increases the effectiveness of creating and exploiting new genetic variabilities....
Dr
Mirza Mofazzal Islam
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
Drought is an important stress phenomenon in Bangladesh which greatly hampers in crop production. So, it is imperative to develop drought tolerant rice variety. Low yielding, un-uniform flowering and late maturity Africa rice ˗ New Rice for Africa (NERICA) viz., NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 rice varieties were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (250, 300 and 350 Gy) in 2010. M1...
Dr
Dana Jawdat
(Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Drought tolerance is a complex trait that is governed by many genes and pathways, where transcription factors (TFs) play an important role as regulator molecules. HvWRKY38 gene is a transcription factor of the WRKY family in barley, with two conserved domains: the leucine zipper and WRKY. It is known for transcriptional reprogramming in response to abiotic stress conditions in plants. High...
Mr
Christian Wagner
(BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria), Mrs
Petra Schwarz
(BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a severe fungal disease of wheat affecting yield and grain quality. One major QTL for FHB resistance in wheat is Qfhs.ifa-5A, which is located on the centromeric region of the wheat chromosome arm 5A. Genetic mapping of Qfhs.ifa-5A resulted in a low resolution in the Qfhs.ifa-5A region: In a near- isogenic RIL population, segregating for the Qfhs.ifa-5A resistance...
Mr
Mohammed Jawhar
(Syrian)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Fusarium wilt of banana (Panama disease), is a lethal fungal disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Development of stable forms of resistance to this disease depends upon identification of resistances effective against the prevalent Foc populations in banana growing areas. Yet, many methods are not suitable for developing countries with varying levels...
Dr
Hitoshi Nakagawa
(Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
Following the construction of the Gamma Field at the Institute of Radiation Breeding (IRB) in 1960, mutation breeding was accelerated in Japan. The facility is used to induce mutations by applying a higher radiation dose (up to 2 Gy/day: ca. 300,000 times that of natural background) and at a higher frequency than occurs in nature. There have been 295 direct-use mutant cultivars representing 70...
FENG LI
(Institute of Crop Sciences, NARO)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Seed non-shattering is an important trait related to the efficiency of seed harvesting. Takanari is a high-yielding Indica Group rice cultivar in Japan displaying an easy shattering phenotype. To reduce its yield loss caused by seed shattering a new cultivar Oonari with moderate shattering was, recently, developed as a mutant induced from Takanari by gamma-ray irradiation. The histological...
Dr
Jaihyunk Ryu
(Chonnam National University)
Oral
Mutagenesis using ionizing radiation has been widely used for the development of breeding resources. Because mutation breeding using gamma-rays has been attempted in soybean crop, studies on the effectiveness of different types of radiation are limited. This study carried out to investigate the genetic variation in the soybean chromosome induced by the proton beam irradiation. Twenty M2 plants...
Antonio Costa de Oliveira
(Plant Genomics and Breeding Center)
Poster
The occurrence of low temperatures is a common stress in rice cultivation in temperate regions, making tolerance to low temperatures a desirable trait in rice genotypes grown in Southern Brazil. These low temperatures hinder germination, crop establishment and grain yield. This study aimed to characterize and identify through the TILLING technique, rice families tolerant to low temperature...
Mr
Chenguang Zhou
(Technical University of Munich, Chair of General Food Technology)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Phytic acid (myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate), the major storage form of phosphorus in cereals, is considered as an anti-nutrient in food and feed. During the past years, various cereals have been subjected to mutation breeding for generating low phytic acid (lpa) crops. Recently, it was demonstrated that reduction of phytic acid in the rice mutant MH86-lpa obtained by γ-irradiation...
Mr
Harimialimalala Jhonny RABEFIRAISANA
(Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences BP 906, University of Antananarivo, MADAGASCAR), Mrs
Noronirina Victorine RAKOTOARISOA
(Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences BP 906, University of Antananarivo, MADAGASCAR)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In Madagascar, the cereals yield remains insufficient due to various biotic and abiotic constraints including Striga asiatica, a parasitic weed that has contributed to decrease maize yield up to 100%. This work aims at assessing the impact of the practice of two cropping systems on the maize crop infested by Striga asiatica. PLATA maize seed of the putative mutant tolerant line from the M5...
Dr
RUSLI IBRAHIM
(Elite Scientific Instruments Sdn Bhd)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
Malaysia had made a substantial achievement in plant mutation breeding with the use of nuclear techniques and related biotechnologies not only in the development of new mutant varieties but also in the establishment of an excellent nuclear research centre. A total of 53 mutant varieties have been developed including rice (19), banana (1), groundnuts (2), orchids (6), chrysanthemums (7),...
Ham Le Huy
(Institute of Agricultural Genetics)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
Vietnam began mutation breeding relatively later then other countries, but by the end of 2017 already created and released to production 67 new mutant varieties. Among them, 45 varieties of rice, 10 varieties of soybean, cassava, sugar cane, flowers and ornamental plants. The mutant varieties have been contributing significantly to ensuring food security and poverty alleviation in the country...
Prof.
Habibah AL-Menai
(Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Production of mutant crop varieties with sustainable high yield under Kuwait’s environmental conditions could increase crop production within the constraint of desert ecosystems and reduce its import in Kuwait. A study to address this was implemented under a ‘Technical Cooperation (TC) programme’ (2016-2017) of the IAEA. It evaluates the potential of mutation breeding to develop new improved...
Dr
Leila Bagheri
(Nuclear Agriculture School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute-Karaj/Iran)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Rice is staple food for half of the world. Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to the reduction of rice yield. The objective of this research was to induce mutations for salt tolerance, high yield, early maturity and lodging resistance in local rice varieties in Iran (Tarom-mahali, Hasani and Anbarboo). Mutation breeding method by using gamma ray from 60Co was conducted...
Mr
Faiz Ahmad
(Malaysian Nuclear Agency)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), a tropical crop from the Hibiscus family, is one of the world’s most economically important fibre crops particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. In Malaysia, kenaf was identified as one of the main commodity crops and could be the country’s next golden crop after oil palm. Currently, kenaf-based products are getting higher demand from local and international...
Mrs
babita Dussoruth
(FAREI)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The demand exists for a local dessert-type banana (‘Gingeli’), appreciated for its soft, dry-textured and sweet-acidulated taste. The Gingeli banana is a tall and slender variety highly sensitive to Fusarium wilt (FoC), weevil borer, and wind, thus limiting its commercial exploitation and causing its near -extinction. The ‘Gingeli’ banana, however, holds untapped commercial prospects both for...
Dr
Dil Raj Yadav
(National Rice Research Program/Nepal Agricultural Research Council)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mutation breeding has been widely used to upgrade the well adapted crop varieties by altering one or two major important traits which limit their productivity or enhance their quality. In Nepal, rice mutation breeding works have been started since 2013 aiming to improve the agronomic and disease tolerant traits of four popular rice varieties namely Sabitri, Radha-4, Khumal-4 and Jumli Marshi....
Dr
Muniswamy S
(Scientist)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] ranks sixth in global grain legume production. India is the largest producer and consumer of pigeonpea with a cultivated area of 5.13 m ha. ‘Wilt’ is the major disease of this crop, caused by the soil borne Fusarium udum Butler. The Northern part of Karnataka state in India is the major producer of pigeonpea. Local landraces viz., ‘Bennur’ and ‘Katti...
Prof.
Saule Kenzhebayeva
(1Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Bread wheat is a main crop with global importance for food security and one of the major cereal source of human nutrients. Cultivated wheat grains have low micronutrients content. Improvement of agronomic traits including grain quality require their genetic variation, which should be separable from non-genetic impacts. The main focus in wheat breeding was the replacement of traditional by...
Mr
Shahid Akbar Khalil
(NIFA Peshawar Pakistan)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
The objective of this study was the induction of in vitro mutagenesis in stevia for creation of genetic variability to enhance the biomass yield and sweetener compound steviosides content. For this purpose, selected doses of gamma rays have been applied to callus cultures (5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) to induce healthy mutant plants adaptable to the country’s agro-climatic conditions with improved...
Mrs
Norazlina Noordin
(Research Officer)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial herb that belongs to the family of Asteraceae. It is a natural sweetener plant known as sweet leaf, estimated to be 300 times sweeter than cane sugar. It is one of the 154 members of genus stevia which produce sweet steviol glycosides. The potential of stevia has been regarded worldwide and fast becoming the best alternative sweetener due to the health...
Dr
Deepak Sharma Deepak
(Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur (Chhattisgarh))
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Chhattisgarh state of India is dominated by tribal peoples and known as ‘Rice Bowl of India’ due to its rich heritage in rice biodiversity. More than 23,500 rice germplasm lines are being conserved and maintained at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (IGKV), Raipur (Chhattisgarh). A total of 300 aromatic fine grain/short slender grains rice varieties with high nutritive value and good grain...
Dr
Sonia Mejri
(National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Broomrape (Orobranche spp.) a parasitic weed produces serious damage to many legume crops and particularly may become a limiting factor for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production in the Mediterranean basin. Currently, breeding for resistance to this pest remains as one of the most feasible and environmentally friendly methods for managing broomrape infestation. Agriculture has benefited from the...
Mrs
Deepika Weerasinghe
(Regional Rice Research and Development Center,Bombuwela)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is an emerging issue in rice cultivation. There are no chemicals used effectively as a control method in the world. Use of resistant varieties is the most appropriate mode of control. Dominant genes Xa21 and Xa4 are known to convey durable resistance against BLB. The advanced rice line, Ld 99-12-38 is a farmer demanding,...
Dr
kanchana klakhaeng
(Plant breeder)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The devastating 2011 flood in Thailand was the worst in 50 years and caused significant yield losses in rice. Thus, submergence-tolerant rice is highly desirable to enhance food security. RD31 is a non-glutinous, photoperiod-insensitive rice variety with resistance to white-black plant hopper, and due to its several preferable agricultural traits, it is popular with farmers and consumers. RD31...
Dr
Manzoor Hussain
(NUCLEAR INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY, P.O.BOX # 128 JHANG ROAD FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Cotton being a leading commercial fibre crop is grown on 20.5 million hectares in three major cotton producing countries i.e. China, India and Pakistan. Wide difference in yield per hectare exist among these countries and is being aggravated by the changing climate conditions i.e. higher temperature and important seasonal and regional fluctuation in rainfalls. Pakistan is one of the most...
Dr
Sergio de los Santos Villalobos
(CONACYT- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Worldwide, wheat is one of the most used cereal in human nutrition. However, its productivity has been affected by the increase of temperature, decreasing about 10% for each increment of 1° C. Therefore, wheat production demands the generation of new varieties with the capacity to tolerate increases of predicted temperature for future years under the climate change scenario. The dose studied...
Mr
AIME DIAMUINI NDOFUNSU
(Commissariat General à L Energie Atomique)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Cassava is contributing to food security in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Major constraints for cassava production for are the biotic and abiotic stresses. The feasibility of overcoming these problems by only classical breeding is hampered by several genetic factors. Thereby, plantlets of cassava line Boma obtained from meristems culture and/or cassava 2 node-explants were cultured on...
Dr
hamid reza sabaghi
(Horticultural Science Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources College, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
The production of new cultivars in ornamental plants is of great economical significance to this industry. Gamma irradiation causes mutagenesis that significantly increases genetic diversity. The objective of this research was production of new carnation cultivars using in vitro mutation breeding. Six carnation cultivars (White Liberty, Liberty, Tabor, Tabasco, Eskimo, Mariposa and Grand Slam)...
Mr
Jorge A. Sandoval F.
(Research Department, CORBANA)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Banana´s research community is nowadays finding new options to control Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc race 1 and Foc TR4). Although there is a wide number of scientific reports about different techniques for inducing genetic variation for crop improvement, recent information on banana mutation breeding is limited. However, mutation techniques can be considered for finding solutions to...
Dr
Behnam Naserian Khiabani
(Nuclear Agricultural Research School-Nuclear Science &Technology Research Institute)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is one of the most serious diseases of banana in tropical and subtropical countries. Most research focuses on generating cultivars tolerant/resistant to this disease. Although there are banana cultivars resistant to the disease, transfer of the resistance trait to susceptible cultivars is difficult by traditional cross-breeding. Thus,...
Mr
Freddy Bulubulu Otono
(Commissariat Général à l'Energie Atomique)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), maize (Zea mays L.) production encounters constraints such as low soil fertility, low adaptability of genotypes to climate, rains variability, diseases and soils acidity. In order to explore genetic variability maize seed irradiated using a Cobalt 60 gamma source. With doses ranging between 75, 150, 300, 450 and 600 Gy. A control maize seeds batch was...
Ms
Manika Noi-iam
(Chachoengsao Rice Research Center)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Phathumtani 1(PTT1) rice variety is famous and well known among Thai consumer for its soft and delicious taste with low amylose content, and high yield. The harvesting day is 120 days, and it is susceptible to rice blast disease and brown planthopper. The electron beam irradiation was used to induce mutation for early maturation and also for resistance to disease and insect pest. Phathumtani 1...
Prof.
Arjana Ylli
(Department of Biotechnology, Tirana University)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are major leguminous plants with a high genetic variability for agricultural production. With climatic changes that have occurred in recent years, bean production has been reduced. Due to this reduced production of beans, different studies have been carried that aim to address these losses in productivity. One of the problems is the abortion of flowers of the beans...
Mrs
Banumaty SARAYE
(Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is highly sensitive to heat stress at flowering stage. Flowers drop at high temperature and this may result in 80% yield reduction. Variety MST32/1, commonly grown in Mauritius, is sensitive to heat stress. An improvement program for this variety through gamma irradiation of the seed was undertaken to identify potential high yielding varieties with heat tolerance...
Prof.
Nasya Tomlekova
(Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Although historically a surplus food producer, Bulgarian agriculture has faced a downturn in recent decades. Local legume cultivars have lost favour with farmers and the canning industry, due to their low productivity in comparison with the imported ones. Diseases and abiotic stresses are the most important factors limiting the production of edible legumes, costing farmers hundreds of euros in...
Mr
Florian Goessnitzer
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Cavendish bananas are sterile, parthenocarpic and an obligate vegetatively propagated crop. This makes them particularly susceptible to diseases including Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) tropical race four (Foc TR4). Foc TR4 has been identified in nine countries and its recent spread is threatening global banana production. Previous experiments showed that when...
Mr
Rigyan Gupta
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture), Dr
Shamsun Nahar Begum
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mutations were induced in mungbean line MB-149 (susceptible to MYMV) varieties using gamma rays as mutagen. Selection studies were conducted to improve the yield and to generate genetic variability in different quantitative traits viz., earliness, bold seeded, pods per plant and seed yield. The mutant MBM-07 was derived from parent MB-149 found to be promising for several desirable characters...
Ms
Christal Toge
(Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Background
Phaseolus vulgaris L. is a valuable and highly nutritious food legume and highly underutilized in Nigeria as a result of prolong cooking time, low yield and anti-nutritional factors.
Methodology
7 doses (control, 25Gy, 50Gy, 100Gy, 150Gy, 200Gy, 250Gy) of gamma ray was induced using the gamma facility at the NIRPR, to evaluate its effect on morphological and yield-related traits...
Dr
Désiré Pokou
(CNRA)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
The economy of Côte-d’Ivoire is based on Agriculture. Indeed, agriculture is the main activity in rural area and represent 30% of the GDP and 50 % of export earnings. Many crops ranging from cash crop to food crops are cultivated across the country. Due to the climate change and the increasing of effect of pest and diseases, many research programs have been focussing improving varieties and...
Dr
Noronirina Victorine RAKOTOARISOA
(: Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences BP 906, University of Antananarivo, MADAGASCAR)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The parasitic weed Striga asiatica causes damage on rainfed rice culture and may reduce production from 75 – 100% in Madagascar. The lack of resistant variety is one of the main problems for rice production. This work aimed at screening rice mutant lines tolerant to Striga asiatica. Two rainfed Striga sensitive rice varieties B22 and F154 were used. After radiosensitivity test, 1000 rice seeds...
Dr
Yassine MABROUK
(Centre National des Scinces et Technologies Nucleaires)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Legumes are important and widely used in human nutrition, particularly the food industry as due to their high protein and essential amino acids. Despite these nutritional characteristics, a regression of the areas and of the production of these legumes crop is observed in several regions. The Orobanche is among the main factors behind this reduction. The means to fight against this parasitic...
Dr
Subodh Kumar Datta
(Retd. Scientist ‘G’, C.S.I.R.-N.B.R.I., Lucknow; Ex C.S.I.R. Emeritus Scientist, Bose Institute; Ex D.B.T.-NER-Visiting Research Professor, Assam University, India.)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
The concept of induced mutation for crop improvement development dates, back to the beginning of the 20th century. Induced mutations have played a major role in the development of superior crop varieties. Here, an overview on past, presence and future of induced mutations in ornamental crops will be provided, based on 36 years practical experience and 79 released mutant ornamental varieties....
Mr
Rezq BASHEER-SALIMIA
(Hebron University), Dr
Yamen hamdan
(Khadoorie university), Dr
aziz salameh
(director)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Although durum wheat is the major field crop, old cultivars and landraces are still the predominant planting materials of farmers in Palestine. A sharp decrease in productivity has been noticed over the last few decades. New cultivars are required which would be early maturing, high yielding and drought resistant. Mutation breeding provides a good opportunity to achieve this goal in two-four...
Dr
Sarvjeet Singh
(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab, India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Lentil (Lens culinaris L. Medik.) is an important food legume for the cool season, but is a poor competitor to weeds because of a slow growth rate in the early stage of development. If weeds are left uncontrolled they can reduce yield up to 50%. Sensitivity of lentil to post-emergence herbicides warrants development of herbicide tolerant cultivars. In the absence of natural variability,...
Mr
Rodrigo Rocha Latado
(Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira / IAC)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
The Brazilian citrus industry has a worldwide presence for production and exportation of sweet orange juice but it has little expression in production of fruits for fresh fruit market. One requirement of this market is the production of seedless fruits. The Fremont IAC 543 mandarin produces fruits with good commercial qualities and presents as an innovative feature, resistance to Alternaria...
Dr
Gangaprasad Sreekantappa
(UAHS, Shimoga, Karnataka, India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Okra is one of the most popular vegetables of Asian countries. India’s okra production ranks first in the world with 3.5 million tonnes (of okra produced from over 0.35 million ha of land). It is quite popular in India because of its easy cultivation, dependable yield and adaptability to varying moisture conditions. Okra is cultivated for its fibrous fruits or pods containing round, white...
Dr
Inderjit Singh
(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] is an important pulse crop useful for both as human food and animal feed. There has been significant decline in pigeonpea production in India in recent years. Naturally existing genetic variability is not sufficient to achieve the desired improvement. Manual emasculation is very tedious and costly because of small size of its flower. Artificial induction...
Dr
Arun Kumar
(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi-834006(Jharkhand), India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is the most important oilseed crop of the state of Jharkhand, India, where 78% of the cultivable soil is strongly to extremely acidic. Potential seed yield from such soils cannot be realized. Available varieties and germplasm are not suitable for cultivation and therefore mutation breeding approaches have been followed in attempts to develop novel tolerance...
Ms
Sophia Goßner
(Technical University Munich, Chair of General Food Technology)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Phytic acid (myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate), the major storage form of phosphorus in crops, is considered as an anti-nutrient for monogastric animals and humans, and phytic acid-derived P in animal waste plays an important role in water pollution. Therefore, various efforts have been made to obtain low phytic acid (lpa) crops, e.g. by mutation breeding. Lpa mutant lines often...
Hong Nguyen Thi
(Institute of Agricultural Genetics)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
In Vietnam, bacterial leaf blight is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. A set of 138 mutant rice lines obtained from the original variety by ion beam irradiation was surveyed for mutations associated with Xa4, Xa7 and Xa21 genes based on linked markers MP1-2, P3 and pTA248. When checking PCR products of materials with these markers, the original variety presented the positive...
Mr
Thanh Pham
(FCRI)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Pyricularia grisea is the most serious fungal disease of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) causing significant yield loss in the North of Vietnam. Of the 24 identified blast resistance genes from Blast monogenic lines, 11 of these were evaluated as resistance to blast pathotypes in the North of Vietnam. In this study, Pita gene was introgressed into cultivar...
Mr
Ali Eskandari
(NSTRI, Nuclear agriculture research school)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
In plant breeding, mutations play an important role in the development of genetic variations and new varieties. The use of induced mutations has been found to be very useful not only in practical plant breeding but also in theoretical genetic research. Barley is model species for mutation breeding and an important strategic crop that plays an important role in food security in Iran and the...
Dr
Dilek Tekdal
(Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orhanli-Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Productive agricultural areas have been decreasing globally in last decades. The most important cause of this fertile land loss is the urbanization. In addition to the fertile land loss, world’s population is increasing exponentially; global population is expected to be over 9 billion in 2050 which means there will be a need of 70-100% more food production to provide food security. Legume...
302.
Ion-Beam Mutagenesis – An Innovative and Effective Method for Plant Breeding and Gene Discovery
Ms
Tomoko Abe
(Nishina Center (Acclerator Applications Research Division), Ion Beam Breeding Team, RIKEN, Japan),
Yoriko Hayashi
(Nishina Center (Acclerator Applications Research Division), Ion Beam Breeding Team, RIKEN, Japan),
Ryouhei Morita
(Nishina Center (Acclerator Applications Research Division), Ion Beam Breeding Team, RIKEN, Japan),
Hiroyuki Ichida
(Nishina Center (Acclerator Applications Research Division), Ion Beam Breeding Team, RIKEN, Japan)
Oral
We have developed a unique technology for mutation induction of plants using energetic ion beams at the RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of RIKEN. Ion beams effectively induce mutations at relatively low doses without severely inhibiting growth. The irradiation treatment can be given to various plant materials and mutation can be induced in a short time between seconds and a few minutes. We have...
Dr
Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak
(IAEA), Mrs
babita Dussoruth
(FAREI)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Banana in Mauritius is affected by several biotic and abiotic stresses and genetic improvement through conventional breeding is limited by the low-female fertility, fruit parthenocarpy and time-consuming methods. Worldwide, mutation induction through use of radiation and chemicals has been widely used to induce variation at a higher frequency in banana. Banana mutation breeding in Mauritius...
Ms
Ulrike Gartner
(The James Hutton Institute,)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) pose an increasing threat to the potato industry and continue to be spread into clean land. Management with chemical control is problematic due to restrictions on the use of nematicides. Creating potato cultivars with durable and broad-spectrum resistance to PCN is a priority for potato breeders, especially to Globodera pallida for which few cultivars with high...
Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Labratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Applicatication in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Coffee, a perennial tropical crop, can be grown from seeds or cloned plants in the form of cuttings, grafts or tissue cultured plants. Arabica coffee is most commonly grown from seeds while canephora is mostly grown vegetatively from cuttings and other propagules. Improving coffee through conventional breeding is seriously limited by the availability of genetic variation. Mutation breeding...
Dr
Sanjay. J Jambhulkar
(Scientific Officer), Dr
Suman Bakshi
(Scientific Officer)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis. f.sp tritici is major threat to wheat production leading to yield loss up to 84%. New races of stripe rust are being observed for which no durable source of resistance has been determined in the current high-yielding varieties. Mutation breeding programme was initiated in two popular varieties namely, PBW343 & HD2967 using gamma ray and electron beam...
Dr
VANNIARAJAN Chockalingam
(TAMIL NADU AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Urd bean is an important legume crop in India useful for the preparation of domestic nutritious breakfast meals called: Idli and Dosa. Idli is a fermented steamed bread-like cake and an important source of protein and energy in the diet of many South Indians. Idli is easily digested and hence preferred by all: from infants to elderly people. The specialty of urd bean in idly preparation is...
Dr
Sanjay Jambhulkar
(Bhabha Atomic Research centre)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) is the second most important oilseed crops in India. Seed yield potential has stagnated to 1100kg/ha. Lodging and susceptibility to terminal heat are some of the limiting factors. Therefore, development of dwarf and early maturing varieties could help in increasing crop productivity. Varuna is a high yielding variety used as a national check but it is tall and...
Ms
Maria Caridad González Cepero
(National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Mayabeque (INCA) Cuba)
Poster
The effects of climate change have had an unfavourable impact on food production. Drought and high temperatures affect the production and supply of food to the population in Cuba. The development of new varieties tolerant to drought is an alternative that will be used to minimize the effects of climate change on food production and the induction of mutation has demonstrated its potential in...
Mrs
Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Crop monocultures and the disappearance of small-farms is having a negative impact on the genetic diversity used in global agriculture. Enhancing agrobiodiversity plays a key role in adapting to a changing climate and feeding future generations. Expanding genetic diversity through induced mutagenesis is highly successful with thousands of improved varieties released worldwide. Advanced...
Dr
NorAishah Hasan
(Lecturer)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Background selection is the most crucial step in marker-assisted backcrossing breeding (MABC). The primary goal in this selection is to develop backcross progenies carrying the gene of interest with maximum recovery of the recurrent genome, a process which can take many generations. MABC is the most significant technique to recover the recurrent genome within 2 to 3 generation and minimize the...
Dr
Arumugam Pillai
(TNAU)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Mutants of Improved white ponni rice (IWP) along with non-irradiated control lines were evaluated over 6 generations. Test lines and controls were genotyped using SNPs and a few haplotypes were identified. Bioinformatic analyses revealed the presence of multiple mutations in each locus and the presence of splice variants and multiple ORFs were analysed. DNA methylation at C5 of cytosine is a...
Prof.
Liuba Coretchi
(National Centre of Public Health, Academy of Sciencis of Moldova)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Biotic stresses are a serious threat to global food security. The origin of new pathogens/insect races due to climatic and/or genetic factors is a major challenge for plant breeders in breeding biotic stress resistant crops. Molecular genetics approaches like mutation, marker assisted selection (MAS), genomics, recombinant DNA technology, targeted induced local lesions in genome (TILLING), and...
Dr
Reza Mohammad Emon
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Selection of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties tolerant to soil salinity is important to reduce the impact of salt stress on rice production. In this study, the morphological characterization was performed on 5 rice genotypes under two salt stress treatments EC 8 and 12 dS/m at seedling, EC 12 dS/m at vegetative and EC 8 dS/m at reproductive stages. Morphological characters and Na+/K+ uptake...
Mrs
Munasingha Jayasundara Mudiyanselage Priyanthi Kumararathna
(Department of Agriculture)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
The first stage of plant breeding program by induced mutation technique using gamma rays is to determine the optimum dose for the bulk irradiation treatment as radiosensitivity varies with species, varieties, and genotypes. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the gamma ray dose which reduces growth by 50% (GR50) in four mungbean varieties. The trial was conducted at the...
Dr
Souleymane Bado
(PBU, BOKU)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Coffee is one of the most valuable commodity tree crops worldwide. However, it suffers from several devastating diseases and pests, e.g. coffee leaf rust and coffee berries borer, whose impact is being amplified by the changing climatic conditions. Development of new adapted varieties remains a laborious effort by conventional breeding due the long juvenile period in tree crop. Plant cell...
Dr
Yoshihiro Hase
(National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
We have been working on the use of ion beams for biological research using TIARA facility, established in 1991. The major goal of our research is to elucidate the mutagenic effects of ion beams and the development of efficient mutagenic techniques. The molecular nature of mutations induced by ion beams is being discovered since the 2000s. It is the current understanding that ion beams tend to...
Mr
Fernando Aurigue
(Philippine Nuclear Research Institute)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
PARC-1, the Philippine Atomic Rice Cultivar 1, was the first mutant rice variety developed by the Philippine Atomic Energy Commission, now Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI). From 1970 to 1976, four more mutant rice varieties followed but only two passed registration with the Philippine Seed Board, now the National Seed Industry Council...
Prof.
José Leitão
(Universidade do Algarve)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
The broad-spectrum (mlo) resistance to powdery mildew in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was demonstrated to be conferred by recessive mutations at the Mlo locus. In the Laboratory of Genomics and Genetic Improvement (LGGI), we induced for the first time, via experimental chemical mutagenesis, two powdery mildew resistant mutants in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Via complementation crosses the two...
Dr
Djibril YONLI
(Insitut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA))
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Sorghum bicolor (Linn.) Moench is the staple crop in terms of cereal production and per capita consumption in Burkina Faso. Sorghum production is highly affected by Striga hermonthica which is a major biotic constraint. This study aims at inducing Striga-resistance in popular indigenous Sorghum varieties while maintaining the good qualities of the parents. Dry seeds of two Sorghum varieties...
Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Labratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Applicatication in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Striga is an obligate hemi-parasitic weed species that attacks roots of major cereal crops such as sorghum, millet, maize and rice. In severe situations of Striga infestation, losses in crop yield may reach up to 90-100%. Forty percent of arable land in sub-Saharan Africa is infested with Striga with annual losses estimated up to 14 billion US$. For subsistence farmers, growing resistant...
Dr
Archana Joshi Saha
(Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Chickpea is grown worldwide, with its major cultivation area lying in the semi-arid tropics of Asia. Terminal drought is a major abiotic stress for chickpea grown in these areas, causing severe yield losses. Considering the impact of climate change on increasing the severity of terminal drought, this study is focused on inducing genetic variability in chickpea suffering from a narrow genetic...
Mr
VIKASH KUMAR
(1Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 (India))
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
Crop improvement program through radiation induced mutation breeding was initiated nine decades ago. India has made significant progress in the field of mutation breeding in different crop species. Rice is a staple food for Indian population with nearly 70% population deriving daily dietary needs from rice. With changing consumer preferences, global climate change, changing pest dynamics and...
Mr
Aleksander Pavlov
(Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
The Stavropol botanical garden located in the city of Stavropol (45°02'10.4"N 41°54'28.3"E) at 640 m above the sea level, has an aster collection of some 68 genotypes. In 2003 investigations were initiated to study the effects of 60Co (gamma) irradiation of aster seeds for mutation induction of commercially interesting traits. The work was new as there were no data on aster seed irradiation at...
Dr
SOERANTO HUMAN
(CENTER FOR ISOTOPES AND RADIATION APPLICATION (CIRA), NATIONAL NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY OF INDONESIA (BATAN) JL. LEBAK BULUS RAYA NO. 49 JAKARTA, INDONESIA)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Global climate change effects in agricultural fields often increase plant stress. For mitigating climate change, climate smart agricultural policies should be developed, for example, through the improvement of crop adaptability and productivity in environments impacted by climate change. Attempts to increase crop genetic variability must be sought in mitigating adverse conditions brought about...
Mrs
Dolgor Tsognamjil
(Mongolian), Mrs
Myagmarsuren Yadamsuren
(Mongolian)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Wheat is a core agricultural plant, which constitutes about 90% of agricultural production of Mongolia. Wheat is used to necessity daily food requirement of the local population, and wheat straw is used for feed of livestock. There is therefore a need evaluate new varieties and advanced lines with high yield and good quality for food and feed through mutation techniques. Developing dual...
43.
MUTATION INDUCTION AND GENOME EDITING IN PLANT BREEDING: COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Prof.
Qingyao Shu
(Zhejiang University)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Genome editing has emerged as a powerful tool in plant breeding in recent years, with a trend to replace the 'old' technique of mutation induction. Here, we will review the molecular genetic features of mutations induced by through classical (chemical and physical) mutagenesis and (genome editing based) targeted mutagenesis, the procedures and applicability of these two approaches in different...
Dr
Al-Ghaliya Humaid Khamis AL-Mamari
(Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
It is well established that different mutagens have different effects on plants, resulting in different types and levels of damage, and consequently produce a range of induced mutations at different frequencies. We present a comparison between the effect of gamma and X-ray irradiations on one variety of sorghum and upland rice. Pure seeds of both sorghum and upland rice were exposed to gamma...
Dr
Andrew Sarkodie appiah
(Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute-Ghana Atomic Energy Commission)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Gamma irradiation was used to improve agronomic characteristics and postharvest shelf life extension of Dioscorea esculenta, a genetically threatened yam species. The lethal dose (LD50) was determined as 100 Gy. At this lethal dose, plant height, vine number and sprouting were reduced by 72.5%, 46.7% and 40% respectively, at 60 days after planting (DAP). However, much reduction in plant height...
Mrs
Luz Gomez -Pando
(Professor)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
Quinoa is a species native to South America. It is an important crop due to its nutritional characteristics superior to other food crops and its high tolerance do abiotic factors, it is also capable of growing in a wide range of altitudes and annual rainfalls ranging from 200 to 1,000 mm even with prolonged periods of drought. This ability to adapt to marginal conditions makes it crop an...
Mr
Omar Hassan
(Researcher)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The plant breeders before undertaking a large-scale mutagenesis need to determine an appropriate dose of irradiation on target genotypes or germplasm. The objective of this study was to determine an optimum dose of gamma irradiation to induce genetic variation in three Sudanese pearl millet varieties (Okoa, Dar Masa and HSD 1173) and two finger millet varieties (RA and OH). To determine the...
Mr
Sufian Suliman
(agricultural research corporation ARC Sudan)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Wheat production under dry and hot environments is challenged by heat stresses. Wheat improvement approaches for such stressful environments are constrained by the availability of genetic variability. Gamma-ray is used to induce variability in two Sudanese local wheat varieties (Tagana and Khalifa) to improve grain yield under the hot (30-38°C during the grain filling period) irrigated...
Dr
Amitha CR Mithra SV
(ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
The Indian initiative for creating a mutant genetic resource in rice has generated 87000 mutants in the background of a popular drought and heat tolerant upland cultivar, Nagina 22 (N22) through EMS mutagenesis. To enable mapping of the mutants, high quality sequence resources of the wild type (WT), N22, has been created with less than 5 % gaps in the total of 113 Mb genic sequences. So far,...
Prof.
Luxiang Liu
(Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Oral
There are at least 1 billion hungry people worldwide and the Asia and the Pacific region harbour the biggest estimated regional distribution of hunger. Lifting a billion people out of poverty and feeding an extra 2.3 billion by 2050 will require increasing cereal production by 70%, i.e. doubling the output of developing countries. Accelerating the development of agriculture to continually...
Prof.
Maria Madeleine Spencer Lopes
(IAEA consultant)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
TEST Text. Whether spontaneous or induced, mutations generally are a result of large-scale deletions, inversions or translocations of chromosomes, or from point mutations (a type of mutation that causes a single change, insertion or deletion of the genetic material) in the DNA. Physical mutagens most often result in chromosome changes and larger DNA deletions while mutagenic chemicals...
149.
PHENOLOGICAL AND POMOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES IN GAMMA IRRADIATED '0900 ZIRAAT' SWEET CHERRY MUTANTS
Prof.
Murat Seker
(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
‘0900 Ziraat’ is the leading cultivar with high quality fruit characteristics among sweet cherry cultivars in Turkey. Pollination and compatibility problems result in poor fruit set in different ecological conditions of the country. Improved fruit quality such as size, appearance, firmness, flavour, extending harvest season, self-compatibility, compact growth habit are main breeding goals in...
Dr
Kalyani Datta
(Retd. Scientist & Head, Palynology Laboratory, C.S.I.R.-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Determination of radio-sensitivity is pre-requisite for large scale irradiation in mutation induction for breeding experiments and a wide range of parameters (growth inhibition, chromosomal aberrations, mutation etc.) have already been standardized. Appreciable amounts of literature have been accumulated on pollen grains after mutagen treatment. Pollen grains and their morphological features...
Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Labratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Applicatication in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Lentil is the most widely preferable pulse crop, especially in Asia. It is predominantly grown under rain-fed condition. Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses that limit the plant growth and productivity in Bangladesh. A robust screening protocol is crucial for successful mutation breeding for drought tolerance. A pre-field screening method was optimized at the PBGL using polyethylene...
Dr
LEILA BAGHERI
(Nuclear Agriculture School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute-KARAJ/IRAN)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
The irradiated pollen technique (IPT) is the most successful haploidization technique within Cucurbitaceae. The influence of gamma ray doses (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy), genotypes and stage of development of embryos obtained by IPT on the induction of haploid embryos were studied in several Iranian melon cultivars as well as their hybrids with alien cultivars. Female flowers were pollinated...
Mr
Marco Sinche-Serra
(Escuela Politecnica Nacional)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
The cultivation of Lupinus mutabilis Sweet is considered strategic for the alimentary food security of the Andean countries, due to its high content of protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals and fibre. Ongoing research focuses on developing new lines with disease resistance and improved agronomic traits. Regarding the first goal, the production of L. mutabilis is facing a major challenge...
Dr
Deepak Sharma Deepak
(Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur (Chhattisgarh)), Dr
Parmeshwar Sahu Parmeshwar
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur-492012 (Chhattisgarh), India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Rice is the staple food of more than half of the world’s population as well as more than 70% of the Indian population, yet it lacks many life-supporting nutrients. People who cannot afford a balanced diet through costly supplementary foods, suffer from multiple micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition problem. Some 600 rice landraces of Chhattisgarh state, India were agro-morphologically...
Mr
Roman Churyukin
(Russia)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Identification of mechanisms of plant adaptive response to weak external radiation exposure is a complex and interesting problem that might need consideration in plant biology. Such responses include the effect of radiation hormesis which is the stimulating effect of low doses of ionizing radiation. The reactions of barley seeds in terms of the root and sprout lengths, the germination rate and...
Dr
Suprasanna Penna
(Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Induced mutation technology is a powerful means to introduce novel genetic variability. Sugarcane is an important commercial crop cultivated primarily for sugar and bioenergy. It is vegetatively propagated, has a complex genome, high polyploidy, long life cycle, poor fertility and a narrow genetic base, hence mutagenesis can be a good approach for the induction of genetic variation. A blend of...
Dr
Souframanien Jegadeesan
(Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
Black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper], popularly known as urd-bean or mash, is a grain legume rich in protein (25-28%), widely cultivated in the Indian subcontinent and to a lesser extent in Thailand, Australia and other Asian and South Pacific countries. Genetic improvement in this crop is hindered due to its cleistogamous nature and narrow genetic base. As genetic variability is a...
Dr
Ayşe Nilgün Atay
(Fruit Research Institute, Egirdir, Isparta, Turkey)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Mutation breeding technique is an efficient way to create new genotypes. Gamma-ray induced mutation breeding of apple commenced at the Egirdir Fruit Research Institute in 2011 corresponding to research project TAGEM/BBAD/16/A08/P03/03, collaborated with Turkish Atomic Energy Authority. The aim of the project was to generate variability in ‘Amasya’ by gamma irradiation and to the evaluate...
Mr
NOEL ARRIETA
(RESEARCHER), Ms
REINA CESPEDES
(RESEARCHER)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
In vitro culture is an important tool for coffee breeding programs. Mutation breeding in combination with in vitro techniques and other biotechnologies offers opportunities for the generation of new improved coffee varieties in a shorter period as compared to classical plant breeding. The plant material used were fruits of Coffea arabica var. Venecia. The fruit pulp was removed, and the seeds...
Dr
Yanzhou Xie
(Northwest A&F University)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Wheat is one of the most widely grown crops in the world. Induced mutations have been used to generate mutant for genetic improvement and functional genomics in wheat. Recently, huge advances in wheat genome sequencing have contributed to the use of single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) in fine mapping and map-based cloning of mutant genes. A chlorina mutant in Triticum aestivum was obtained...
Dr
Mykola Nazarenko
(Dnepropetrovsk State Agrarian and Economic University)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Evaluation of winter wheat mutant lines (2010 2017, up to M8 generation) has been carried out. Dried seeds of eight varieties Favoritka, Lasunya, Hurtovina (irradiation of initial material by gamma rays), line 418, Kolos Mironovschiny (field hybridization), Sonechko (chemical mutagenesis, nitrosodimethilurea 0.005%) and Kalinova (chemical mutagenesis,1,4-bisdiazoatsetilbutan DAB 0.1%),...
Dr
Damian Ndubuisi Njoku
(National Root Crops Research Institute Umudike)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Cassava roots are notable for their short shelf-life due to post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD). PPD is initiated by mechanical damage, which occurs during harvesting, making the roots unpalatable and unmarketable within 72 hours. Extending the shelf life of cassava to several weeks would reduce financial losses by $2.9 billion in Nigeria over a 20-year period. Our main approaches...
Mr
ferhat kızılgeçi
(şırnak university)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
This study was carried out in the Field Crops Department, Agriculture Faculty of Dicle University, Turkey, in 2017. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) in M1 chickpea plants of six cultivars (Gokce, Arda, Azkan, Diyar 95, Çagatay, and Aziziye 94) and six advanced chickpea lines (N5-5, R6, D2-8, D2-5, K2-35, and K3-10). Seeds were pre-soaked in...
Ms
Ariungerel Mandakh
(Institute of Plant and Agricultural Sciences, Darkhan, Mongolia)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mongolia is one of biggest regions of East Asia and it’s unique and extreme dry and cold climate condition have been severe constraints for rice cultivation. Rice cultivation was first attempted in 1992 among local farmers, but has been unsuccessful. There is a deep interest and attempts are made to cultivate rice in Mongolian among farmers. Therefore, the Institute of Plant and Agricultural...
Dr
Hongchun Xiong
(Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Induced mutation has been widely used for crop improvement due to acceleration and enhancement of genetic variations. However, the molecular basis induced by physical or chemical mutagens is still largely unknown in common wheat. And mechanisms behind the phenotypic variations induced by mutagens are interesting to be clarified. Transcriptomic sequencing was performed for investigation...
Ms
Udda Lundqvist
(Nordic Genetic Resource Centre (NordGen))
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
In 1928, the Swedish geneticists Hermann Nilsson-Ehle and Åke Gustafsson started on their idea for the first experiments with induced mutations using a diploid barley crop. They started with X-rays and UV irradiation. Soon after the first chlorophyll mutations were obtained and followed by the first ‘vital’ mutations ‘Erectoides’. Several other valuable mutations were considered as early...
Ms
Fatma Sarsu
(Plant Breeder/Genetics)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Breeding heat tolerant rice is one of several strategies to mitigate the effect of climate change, particularly in major rice growing regions that are vulnerable to increased temperatures. We present simple, robust pre-field screening protocols that would allow plant breeders to screen for enhanced tolerance to heat stress in rice in a breeding programme using a controlled environment. The...
Dr
Reza Mohammad Emon
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of four promising lines along with two check varieties of soybean in respect of plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, days to maturity and seed yield, at five different locations during Rabi 2013. Significant variations were observed both in individual location and combined over locations for all traits. Among...
Dr
Nicolas Roux
(Bioversity International)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Oral
Somaclonal variation describes random cellular changes in plants regenerated through tissue culture. It occurs in certain crops that undergo micropropagation, and has been recorded in different explant sources, from leaves and shoots, to meristems and embryos. In banana (Musa spp.), a clonal crop conserved in vitro, somaclonal variation has been observed after prolonged periods in tissue...
Mr
Thao Le Duc
(Agricultural Genetics Institute)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
In Vietnam, soybean is one of the traditional crops and plays an important role in crop rotation, soil improvement and in meeting the nutritional need for humans and livestock. With the aim of generating genetic variability in soybean and creating new soybean varieties induced mutation research has been carried out since 80’s and resulted in outstanding achievements. Induction of new traits...
Peter M. Gresshoff
(Center for Integrative Legume Research, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
Legume plants (18,000 legume species exist) possess a complex root-developmental pathway, leading to nitrogen-fixing nodulation. Rhizobium bacteria induce cortical cell proliferation, then invade concurrently the newly developed tissue to differentiate into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. This nodule development is of global significance for agriculture and ecology. We have used a variety of...
Mrs
Sruba Saha
(Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva Bharati, India)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Induced mutagenesis has been effectively employed to improve the productivity and generate variability of morphological and physiological characters. In sesame, the plant architecture is poorly adapted to conventional farming system because of its seed shattering behaviour at maturity, indeterminate growth habit, and long maturity duration. Our aim was: 1) to select early maturing,...
Mrs
PRIYA HUZAR FUTTY BEEJAN
(FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INSTITUTE)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
A study was initiated with the aim to develop new carrot varieties with good nutritive content using nuclear techniques. Mutation using gamma irradiation was selected to induce genetic variability for carrot cultivar improvement. Radio-sensitivity study of carrot to gamma irradiation was investigated to determine the dose which causes 50% growth reduction (GR50) for an indication of the...
Dr
Nizar Mir Ali
(Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Mutation breeding has been as a successful strategy for widening the genetic base of major crops. Syria is a centre of origin for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and it is mainly cultivated for livestock feed. Arid and semi-arid regions in Syria need new barley varieties with vigorous early growth, early maturity, lodging resistance, drought tolerance and increased yield. Seeds of a local...
Mrs
Udompan Promnart
(-)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
There are two types of flood in Thailand which has affected to rice. The first is deep water flood which features as a prolonged flooding, and the second is a flash flood which is a sudden and short period flooding. Deep water flood is predictable, on the contrary flash flood is extremely unpredictable and may occur at any stage of rice growth. The flood in 2011 was the worst flood ever...
Dr
Alejandra Landau
(Instituto de Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Oral
The plastome is usually considered a highly conserved genome. Its current variability is scarce and artificial induction of its variation is not yet sufficiently exploited. Compared to the nuclear genome, it is small and behaves under different genetic rules. Plastome genes have been little used in breeding and their functionalities have been difficult to investigate. Through different...
Prof.
Shubiao Zhang
(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
The glutinous rice is the traditional staple food most people in Asia. The glutinous rice is used in many countries for the preparation of the rice cake, and is an important cultural component. Along with living standards' enhancement and market economy's development and the demands for nutritious and healthy foods drive constant increase of the market for glutinous rice demand. The rice...
Dr
SELAY DOGAN
(REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Iris sari SCHOTT ex BAKER is an endemic plant which has a natural distribution area in Turkey. The plant, which has attractive flowers, is also known as “Ana kurtkulağı, Bahar çiçeği”. Tetraploids were induced successfully from in vitro plantlets of I. sari by treating micro-bulbs with colchicine. The colchicine doses tested were: 0.1 and 0.5 % during 2, 4 and 6 hours for each dose. Ploidy...
Dr
Joerg Hagmann
(Computomics GmbH)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
The advent of next-generation sequencing has accelerated forward genetic screens and can simultaneously achieve the typical steps of marker discovery, genetic mapping and identification of causal mutations. Initially applied in model organisms, an increasing number of studies emerge on crops. There is a wide variety of strategies to perform genetic mapping and the choice of an optimal approach...
Mrs
Ita Dwimahyani
(CIRA-BATAN Indonesia), Dr
Sasanti Widiarsih
(CIRA-BATAN Indonesia)
Mutation breeding for ornamental and vegetatively propagated crops
Poster
Chrysanthemum is the second economically most important floricultural crop. Photoperiod controls growth and flowering for many floriculture crops. A small change in photoperiod can trigger the switch between vegetative and flowering phase. For commercial production in tropical countries, additional light hours were commonly applied to prolong vegetative phase. This practice prevents the...
xinmei Guo
(Qingdao Agricultural University,)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
In this study, dry seeds of Chang7-2 and P138 were radiated by 60Co-γ ray radiation with 100, 150, 200 and 250Gy. In order to research the changes of the growth and development in maize, seeds germination and major agronomic traits were measured. The results showed different dosage obviously inhibited the growth of the maize of M1, especially root length. While there was no apparent effect on...
Dr
Eben Von Well
(Agricultural Research Council)
Enhancing agricultural biodiversity through new mutation induction techniques
Poster
The study was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of energy conversion into growth and the presence of branched ears can be used as indicators for the determination of the optimal gamma irradiation dosage for mutation breeding in relation to fertility reduction. To meet this objective, efficiency of energy conversion, fertility and presence of branched ears were studied in two wheat...
Mr
Alberto Raul Prina
(INstituto de Genetica E.A.Favret, CICVyA-INTA)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
The Institute of Genetics “Ewald A. Favret” (IGEAF) INTA, has a long tradition in Plant Mutation Research that began in the year 1949. The IGEAF has made important contributions about the effects of different physical and chemical mutagens and mutator genes on barley and described novel uses of barley and wheat mutants in basic research and breeding. Besides, it has done a pioneering work...
Dr
Lindy Rose
(Stellenbosch University)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Fusarium verticillioides is associated with maize wherever it is grown. The fungus can reduce yield and grain quality, and this is exacerbated by the production of toxic secondary metabolites, called fumonisins. Plant resistance is the best means to control F. verticillioides, but such resistance is not readily available in existing maize cultivars. In this study, gamma irradiation was used to...
Dr
Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
(Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Poland)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Oral
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) was first described in 2000 as a reverse genetics tool that combines classical mutagenesis and high-throughput mutation screening. In this presentation the current status of TILLING platforms in different species will be summarized. The lecture will focus on latest achievements of TILLING in functional genomics and in practical plant...
Dr
Godfree Chigeza
(International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, IITA, CGIAR)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Oral
Research to unlock both yield potential and stability in soybean production to meet the ever-increasing demand of local consumption in sub-Saharan Africa underpins the breeding and agronomy efforts being done by the Institute of International Tropical Agricultural (IITA). Thus, improving yield potential and stability in soybean through stress tolerant varieties remains critical feature in...
Prof.
Stanislav Geras'kin
(Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Agricultural production is confronted with multifaceted challenges from global climate change. There is now an overwhelming evidence that “business as usual” for crop development will be insufficient to adapt crops to meet the expanding global agricultural demand. Irradiation of seeds can increase field germination, stimulate growth and development of the plants, as well as increase their...
Mr
Yonis Alberto Morales Reyes
(Honduran Coffee Institute)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
The Lempira variety released in Honduras 1998 was qualified as 100% resistant to races of rust I and II by the Coffee Rust Research Centre (CIFC). However, in recent years the disease has been reported in seed foundation plots and producer farms, the most recent epidemic report happened in April 2016, and affected 210 Ha. Considering that this coffee variety constitutes 45% of the cultivated...
Ms
Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak
(Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture)
Poster
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important economic crop worldwide. In Mauritius, three types of tomatoes are grown: cooking, salad and cherry tomatoes. The salad and cherry tomatoes are grown under hydroponic systems whereas the most widely consumed tomato, the cooking type, is cultivated in open fields and thus is subject to adverse climatic conditions. Tomato with increased tolerance...
Ms
Akemi Shimizu
(Radiation Breeding Division, Institute of Crop Science, NARO)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Oral
Gamma rays have been used for several decades in mutation breeding as a physical mutagen. Though gamma ray irradiation has been used to induce many mutants, detailed characteristics of mutated DNA sequence have not been clarified enough. A newly introduced physical mutagen, ion beams, has attracted breeders’ attention. We present the results of analysis of DNA mutation of rice mutants induced...
Dr
Lucretia Ramnath
(South African Sugarcane Research Institute)
New challenges and technologies in plant genomics and breeding
Poster
The plant chloroplast has become a vector to deliver transgenes. Recently, however, the mitochondrion has become a prospective target for plant genetic engineering. Transformation of mitochondria can result in synchronized expression of transgenes between all three plant genomes via interorganellar communication pathways within the cell, resulting in effective engineering of the whole plant...
Dr
Perry Gustafson
(University of Missouri)
Oral
The current world population of well over seven billion is projected to reach nine billion in less than 20 years. The UN projects agricultural output will need to increase by a minimum of 70% in order to maintain current dietary standards, which will still leave approximately one billion malnurished people. Current agricultural production is increasing at a rate insufficient to reach the...
Mrs
Deepthika Kekulandara
(Rice Research & Development Institute, Sri Lanka), Mrs
Nadeeka Sharmila Thilakarathne
(Rice Research & Development Institute, Sri Lanka)
Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops
Poster
Even though, there are more than eighty local recommended rice varieties in Sri Lanka, only few are cultivated at present with farmers’ preference. At 362 is one of the most popular rice varieties grown island-wide due to its higher yield and adaptability to vast environmental conditions. It is a red pericarp rice variety belonging to the 3.5-month maturity group. However, this trait creates...
Dr
Azri Kusuma Dewi
(Center For Isotopes and Radiation Application, Indonesia National Nuclear Energy Agency ( CIRA BATAN)), Dr
Reflinur Basyirin
(Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development)
Contribution and impact of mutant varieties on food security
Poster
Mutation induction is one of the purposeful approaches to increase genetic variability for developing new cultivars. Local rice variety Kewal was exposed to gamma rays with the aim of inducing stable mutants with desirable traits. The objectives of this research were to evaluate yield and yield components of local rice mutant lines, and to analyse the genetic diversity and relationship among...
