FAO/IAEA International Symposium on Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology

GROWTH OF WHEAT MUTANTS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS

Not scheduled

15m

IAEA, Vienna

Poster Mutation breeding for adaptation to climate change in seed propagated crops

Speaker

Dr Shatha Yousif (Ministry of Science & Technology, Baghdad-Iraq)

Description

Hydroponic culture was performed to investigate the physiological responses of three mutant lines ‎with their wild-type parent under drought stress. Mutants; Noor 5, ‎Noor6 and Noor7 along with cv. Al Noor (parent) were subjected to 2 levels (0 and 10%) of polyethylene ‎glycol (PEG-6000). Growth at the seedling stage was evaluated. Differential Display Reverse ‎Trancriptase- DDRT was applied to study the genetic markers related with drought tolerance using 9 random primers (OPA-1, OPA-5, OPA-11, OPC-4,‎‏ ‏OPC-8, OPF-12, OPH16, OPO11 and ‎OPR7). The mutants along with cv. Al Noor were also planted under rainfed conditions. Drought tolerance indices (Stress Tolerance Index, Mean Productivity, Geometric Mean Productivity, Stress Tolerance ‎and Stress Susceptibility Index) were calculated. Correlations between stress indices under the ‎hydroponics experiment and grain yield under rainfed conditions were investigated. ‎ Water stress reduced root length and fresh weight in all genotypes, but increased ‎shoot length, fresh and dry weight in mutants Noor 5 and Noor 6. The results revealed that PEG treatment had positive affects in seedling shoot length, shoot fresh weight, ‎root dry weight in the mutant genotypes, but not cv. Al Noor. All primers succeeded to amplify DNA ‎fragments. The result of field experiment revealed that Noor6 surpassed all genotypes in the number of ‎tillers m-1 and grain yield. Grain yield under water stress had positive and significant ‎correlations with major stress indices: shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot dry ‎weight and malic enzyme under hydroponic experiment Based on these data, it can be concluded that seedling growth parameters could be used as selection ‎criteria for drought tolerance in wheat. DDRT-PCR could differentiate the genotypes and ‎maybe used in developing markers related to drought tolerance.‎