The nuclear policy of Romania encompasses the development and use of nuclear energy and other nuclear fuel cycle activities, as well as oversight of the development and enforcement of nuclear legislation and regulations to ensure that all nuclear activities are strictly regulated and controlled to the highest standards to ensure public health and safety.
Romania has only one nuclear power...
The work was conducted in the context of the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) newly initiated activity on “approaches for nuclear power costs estimation and analysis” (the “Nuclear Cost Basis”, or NCB, project). The NCB provides guidelines and resources for developing consistent cost estimates and analyses covering, basically, all areas of a country’s nuclear power programme; from...
The investigation is made of the out-core neutron flux and burn-up at irradiated fuel stored in TRIGA PUSPATI research reactor tank. This is required to examine whether the thermal and/or fast neutron flux can influence burn-up of the irradiated fuel stored in the same vicinity of the reactor core, the fuel rack being located 1 m above the core. MCNPX code was used to simulate fast and thermal...
Long-term storage management and soundness monitoring methods of spent fuel are now receiving worldwide attention. For the metal cask, pressure monitoring between its lids is mandatory. Meanwhile, in the concrete cask, its lid is welded and high sealing property is maintained, so that a leak of helium is not monitored. However, considering long-term storage, there is concern about the loss of...
The main objective was to validate that the natural convection refrigeration designed for the ASECQ Installations, to be built in the CNA I, will be enough to keep within a range of safe temperatures, and without risk to the integrity of the Spent Fuel Element Pods .
Interim away from reactor (AFR) storage facilities may be located at the reactor site using the complete infrastructure and personnel of the nuclear power plant for their operation or at a separate site using their own infrastructure as a standalone and independent facility. With the final shutdown and decommissioning of the nuclear power plants is this infrastructure for facilities at the...
With the continuous development of China's nuclear power projects in recent years, spent fuel has gradually entered a long-term storage stage, in which wet storage is the main way. The supervision of spent fuel storage facilities is becoming increasingly important. As China's nuclear safety regulatory system in this area is not complete, and there are few examples to refer to, it is urgent to...
The French nuclear fuel cycle includes in particular the manufacture of uranium-based fuels, the reprocessing of the spent fuels, the fabrication of MOX fuels and of ERU fuels (enriched reprocessed uranium) and the interim storage of spent fuels which are not currently reprocessed (MOX and ERU).
Regarding the used MOX and ERU fuels which are currently not being reprocessed, the strategy...
Fuel is periodically replaced in nuclear power plants (NPPs). Irradiated or Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF, where SNF could be used nuclear fuel if reprocessing facilities are available) cools in suitable facilities, where the type and the length of time depend on plans for the ultimate disposition of the SNF, for example, reprocessing or permanent long-term storage (“extended” implies storage longer...
In Switzerland, the spent nuclear fuel assemblies arising from the operation of the five NPPs are currently stored in pools at the NPP sites and, after a cooling period, are transferred to transport/storage casks which are then transported and stored in centralized dry interim storage facilities. The National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (Nagra) has proposed deep...
Two approaches usually are used at thermal safety assessment of the spent nuclear fuel storage: conservative calculation and detailed simulation of thermal state. For the second one the multistage approach was developed which allows to calculate thermal contours of containers' group, single container, spent fuel assembly and fuel rod with taking into account their mutual influence and...
Severe accidents at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power station became an important lesson learned to know the water temperature distribution at spent fuel storage pool (SFSP) of G. A Siwabbessy nuclear research reactor in Indonesia. When the active cooling system was not functioning properly, the knowledge of the cooling water temperature in the SFSP became an important parameter related to...
