Non-nuclear industries like oil and natural gas production and processing, industrial coal combustion facilities, metal mining and processing, phosphate fertilizer and elemental phosphate production, scrap metal processing (Smelting) generate alarming quantities of TENORM by producing concentrated activities of NORM or by moving the radioactive materials where they potentially cause more human...
EVALUATION OF NORM CONTENT FROM COLTANT MINING IN NIGERIA PRIOR TO EXPORT.
Godwin Ekong, Yau Idris, Isa Sambo
Emails: gobass04@yahoo.com; yau.idris@nnra.gov.ng; isasambo@yahoo.com
Phones: +234 36097137 and +234 31924525
Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Plot 564/565 Airport Road, Central Business District, Garki, Abuja, FCT.
ABSTRACT:
Coltant has global demand for variety of...
In Brazil, no practice to address NORM waste is currently allowed, so these wastes are stored on the platforms, causing serious damage to the O&G industry. In order to quickly solve the problem of the accumulation of barrels containing NORM on O&G platforms, a pioneering export process in Brazil was developed for a large company in the sector. A long transportation study and an export plan...
Some 300 million tons phosphogypsum are produced worldwide every year as a byproduct from mineral phosphate fertilizer production using the wet-acid process. Phosphogypsum deposits are usually associated with a relevant load of radionuclides and heavy metals making it a Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (TENORM). The radioactivity of phosphogypsum depends on the...
INVESTIGATION OF INITIAL ALARMS FROM RADIATION DETECTION INSTRUMENTS
Obed Agbenorku1, Ann Mensah1, Simon Adu1, Kwame Appiah1, Philip Gyan1
1. Nuclear regulatory Authority
Abstract
The paper summarizes the work conducted by the authors working on the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on “Improved Assessment of Initial Alarms for Radiation Detection...
In the last twenty years in Slovenia the system to detect orphan sources [1] in scrap materials has been developed after the very first melting of 60Co source in stainless steel factory resulting in about 70 tons of contaminated materials. The radiation detector systems detecting enhanced dose rates have been or are still used by customs officers and metal recycling industry undertakings just...
Crude oil production is an important industrial sector, whether in Iraq or in the world. Radioactive materials, sealed sources, and radiation generators, and many solid and liquid wastes containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are produced in the oil and gas industry are
The presence of these radioactive materials and radiation generators results in the need to control...
The paper provides an overview of the recent trend that seems to be emerging in different industries dealing with NORM, namely restricting the information on radioactivity in industry products and, sometimes, omitting the issue all together.
When the issue of the presence of NORM in many industries has emerged in late 1980’s – early 1990’s, many mining and mineral processing companies...
The oil and gas production market in Brazil has been growing year by year, and with the discovery of new oil fields in the pre-salt layer, in 2019 Brazilian oil production reached the achievement of more than 3 million barrels per day, consolidating itself as the ninth largest oil producing country in the world.
With the gradual increase in oil production and market opening for foreign oil...
The transport of NORM is now becoming an issue not just for safety, but also for security. The risks of uncontrolled activities associated with enhanced levels of NORM can be alleviated by the adoption of controls to identify where NORM is present, and by the control of NORM-contaminated equipment and waste while protecting workers.
NORM management is planned and carried out after approval of...
