Description
All "MiniOrals" are short plenary oral presentations of work presented in depth in one of the poster submissions. It is meant to provide the opportunity to draw attention of the audience onto the special matter and research highlights of the poster topics, not to go into details and answer all questions.
A MiniOral can last 5 minutes maximum including possible questions/answers. It is recommended to present not more than 3 slides. Please provide slides at least one day in advance to allow compiling them into a stream of slides together with the other MiniOrals of the same session.
In order to increase the safety, it is more important than ever to generate a signal to turn off the device even when the abnormal situation occurs during the plasma discharge. KSTAR has built the Fast Interlock System (FIS) since achieving first plasma in 2008, and built and operated the 4th version of FIS which using NI c-RIO technology in 2018 [1].
We moved the safety related...
Control, Data Acquisition and Communication (CODAC) real-time software codes are key elements for the operation of a fusion device as they can play a key role both for the machine protection and for the optimization of the experiments. In 2013, following the WEST project (W -for tungsten- Environment Steady-state Tokamak) upgrade, the whole legacy acquisition system has been refactored.
The...
During the early campaigns of the KSTAR projgect, feedback control of plasma density has been successfully commissioned at the very first attempt by using a transfer function analysis. A stable and robust discharge was chosen as a test-bed i.e. a 300 kA ($I_p$) 2.0 T ($B_t$) ohmic circular limited plasma. Before direct feedback control, pre-programmed fueling modulation was carried out by...
It has been widely accepted that a high confinement mode(H-mode) operation is necessary for advanced tokamaks or ITER. However, when plasma is in H-mode, the edge localized mode (ELM) occurs at the plasma edge, which release particles and energy [1]. In case of ITER, a full tungsten divertor cannot tolerate the heat load from the type-I ELM [2]. Besides, in terms of plasma density feedback...
MAST has undergone a substantial upgrade [1], featuring among other things several new poloidal field coils mostly distributed around the new closed-throat divertor structure and an enlarged centre column. The considerable changes have required the plasma control software to be substantially re-written.
The MAST digital plasma control system [2] was based on an architecture developed by...
Control and data acquisition systems of Thailand Tokamak 1 (TT1) are designed and developed as tools for researchers and students in Asian country. The control and data acquisition systems is designed base on the PXI platforms and synchronized with a precision time protocol (PTP), defined in the IEEE 1588 standard. The PXI6683 cards are used as a timing module in PXI cases, time resolution up...
An upgrade is being conducted on the TCABR tokamak, which is a small-size tokamak (R0 = 0.62 m and a = 0.2 m) operated at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. An important part of this upgrade is the installation of additional poloidal field coils to allow for the generation of various divertor configurations such as single-null, double-null, snowflake and x-point target divertors. The control...
An upgrade is being conducted on the TCABR tokamak, which is a small-size tokamak (R0 = 0.62 m and a = 0.2 m) operated at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. This upgrade consists mainly in the installation of (i) graphite tiles to cover entirely the inner surface of the vacuum vessel wall, (ii) new poloidal field (PF) coils to allow for the generation of various divertor configurations such...
This work mainly describes the progress and preparations for first plasma control in HL-2M, a medium-size copper tokamak currently under construction in China, with 16 poloidal field coils and one central solenoid (CS) coil (or Ohmic coil). Significant progress has been made in plasma control system (PCS), first plasma scenario. The proposed framework of PCS is consisted of plasma discharge...
The control experiments on ASDEX Upgrade so far were only able to use one gyrotron per controller to perform a control action (for example supply power for Te control). The power provided by one gyrotron is not sufficient for the control tasks described below. In order to overcome this issue, we have introduced a virtual actuator which combines arbitrary number of gyrotrons and is responsible...
This work provides a general overview of an upgrade that is being conducted on the TCABR tokamak, which is a small-size tokamak (R0 = 0.62 m and a = 0.2 m) operated at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. This upgrade consists mainly in the installation of (i) graphite tiles to cover entirely the inner surface of the vacuum vessel wall, (ii) new poloidal field (PF) coils to allow for the...
The experimental data obtained from the campaign dedicated to Baseline scenario for DT (deuterium-tritium) at Joint European Torus (JET) is being investigated in the frame of EUROfusion’s programme. The development of reliable ~4.0 MA scenario at q95 ~ 2.7‐3 compatible with DT operation and pulse length of 5s together with the optimization of the scenario for high performance at 4.0 MA to...
Based on the deep learning method, this paper introduced a set of ELM real-time recognition system on HL-2A. The system uses 5200 shots data (about 241,900 data slices) for learning. After more than 70 adjustments, a 22-layer convolutional neural network is obtained. The network can recognize whether a 30ms data slice contains the ELM signal, After smoothing, the system can recognize the ELMy...
New fusion research experiments will generate massive experimental data. For example, ITER will have above one million of variables from control signals and diagnostic systems. Some of these variables will produce data during long pulse (about 30 minutes) experiments and other will generate data continuously. Just to have a clearer idea of the problem, ITER estimates more than 10 GBytes/second...
Machine learning based disruption prediction method have exhibited good prediction performance with higher success rate, low false alarm rate and earlier warning time than physics based methods. One important thing pushed recent advances in machine learning field is high-quality training data. So a database with rich set of accurate disruption related labels is crucial to the development of a...
Thanks to their flexibility, FPGA-based Data Acquisition (DAQ) and processing systems are well suited to develop applications that are standard, modular, maintainable and scalable. There is currently a variety of FPGA-based solutions implementing DAQ systems and there are different approaches to design the hardware inside the FPGA. Each approach has its advantages and drawbacks, in terms of...
The KSTAR has MSE (Motional Stark Effect) diagnostics devices for measurement of plasma current density distribution. Real-time MSE is an essential diagnostic for advanced control over the q-profile in tokamaks [1]. The KSTAR MSE diagnostic data measurement system measures and stores a total of 25 signals and 2 reference signals at a rate of 2MHz sample per second. The KSTAR has developed the...
MDSplus is a software tool dedicated to data acquisition, storage and analysis used for complex scientific experiments. MDSplus has been used for data managment for fusion experiments for years, and this paper will demonstrate it can be used for a wide variety of systems as well. We will show how to set up a very simple experiment, manage data retrival, storage and consumtion using MDSplus and...
This paper presents the KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) real time framework for parallel streaming data processing framework (RT-ParaPro). RT-ParaPro is a framework used to develop programs that simultaneously process streaming data transmitted over a real-time network and send data over a network and archive them in real time. In most fusion experimental devices, each...
The KSTAR Quench Detection System (QDS) has been operated to protect the superconducting coil system of the KSTAR device in the last decade. The QDS discriminates a normal voltage of ~100 mV on NbTi or Nb3Sn Cable-in-Conduit Conductors (CICCs) in the event of quench, while the Poloidal Field (PF) coils are applied with voltages of up to some kV by pulsed operation of the Magnet...
The Wendelstein 7-X superconducting stellarator is a fusion experiment designed for processing of short plasma discharges in the range of some seconds up to long discharges up to 30min in a quasi-steady state operation mode. The first plasma experiment was conducted in December 2015. Since this first plasma experiment within three operational phases were successfully performed more than 100...
The safety related PLC in the central safety system (cSS) of W7-X with its corresponding periphery ensures occupational safety and the basic protection of investment. Because its reaction time in the range of some 100 ms is not sufficient to protect components in the plasma vessel from overloading by plasma heating (up to 14 MW), the fast interlock system (FIS) was installed. It can respond to...
A new database system for the JT-60SA tokamak [1] has been developed. This system meets the following requirements: to hold all the JT-60SA data and prevent loss of data, to be easily available the data to the researchers without knowing internal configuration and structure of the database, to manage revision of the data so that the stored data can be traced back to an older revision at any...
In this paper, we propose improved control systems which meets ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) requirements.
Among the various devices delivered by Korea, the controller (local controller) for AC/DC Converter, which supplies power to ITER superconducting coil, should control AC/DC converter to supply direct current of up to 68 kA continuously for few weeks to months. In...
Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is a stellarator experiment located in Greifswald, Germany. In the first operational phases (OPs), the W7-X team has been already working on a variety of research topics with about 40 diagnostic systems in operation. In these OPs, many plasma discharges (50 per day/1000 per OP) with durations of up to 100 s were conducted, producing about 500 terabyte of experiment data....
With the increasing of data storage and data access in EAST experiment, standardized data access and user behavior monitoring become even more important. Therefore, a perfect EAST MDSplus logging system is required, and a mature log data management system is built on this basis. The EAST MDSplus log data management system architecture includes four parts: the log data collection layer, the...
The design and construction of first Egyptian inertial electrostatic confinement IEC fusion device has been studied [1]. It consists of 2.8 cm stainless steel cathode, 6.5 cm anode diameter with 10 cm diameter 20 cm height vacuum chamber. The operation of IEC experiments has concentrated on pulsed operation to achieve the high currents required to generate increased reactions rates. The...
A Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnosis system was developed to measure the plasma current density distribution in the KSTAR tokamak. Currently, the MSE diagnostic system performs data analysis by applying Fourier transform algorithm by using the IDL (Interactive Data Language) software after measurement and digital archiving. However, in order to realize advanced plasma control aiming at the...
The implementation of control algorithms for nuclear fusion requires a real-time environment to ensure the correct operation of the device. Although several alternatives have been used in the fusion community during the past decades, ITER has committed to develop a new generation real-time framework for control, the ITER Real-Time Framework (RTF). The ITER-RTF has been developed taking into...
Fast plasma boundary reconstruction is usually used for real-time control of tokamak plasma. In EAST experiment, the time consuming for boundary reconstruction should be within 1ms to meet the need of real-time control. Fast evolution of cameras in recent years has made them promising tools for diagnostics of Tokamak. The solution presented in this paper consists of a prototype of high-speed...
The standardization of device driver’s implementation in distributed control systems is essential to reduce the development and integration effort. Nowadays, there are multiple distributed control systems and high-level applications used in the scientific community. Due to the lack of standardization in the interfaces with the device drivers, it is required to integrate each hardware device...
Development of software for small- and medium-sized experimental setups and custom laboratory equipment differs from the software production for large-scale experiments or commercial applications. Everyday work of research group involves different types of jobs with equipment control and data acquisition ranging from manipulation with distinct parts of equipment to operation with complete...
Each ITER discharge (30 minutes long) is expected to produce O(10**5) signals. This vast quantity of data must be stored and analyzed using computers with large storage capacity and fast processing units. Also, it is important to note that these powerful computers and data centers will be usually situated in remote locations from the scientists. Both access to data and some type of analysis...
Streamed data visualization is a new requirement for long lasting discharges and more in general for every long lasting related experiment, such as the ITER Neutral Beam test facility. A prerequisite for live visualization is the ability of the underlying data system to support streaming in data acquisition. Data streaming is supported in MDSplus, a widely adopted data system in fusion...
WEST is a full metallic environment tokamak, with an X-point divertor configuration. It is targeted at testing ITER like divertor prototypes made of actively cooled bulk tungsten units, in tokamak conditions during long pulse operation. Several partners around the world contribute by
providing various elements like parts of the divertor, ICRH antenna, and diagnostics, or by contributing to the...
