International Symposium on Understanding the Double Burden of Malnutrition for Effective Interventions

Double burden of malnutrition in Cuban preschool children. Obesity, anemia and iron deficiency

Not scheduled

15m

VIC

Poster Epidemiology Poster session 1

Speaker

Dr Gisela María Pita-Rodríguez (National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology)

Description

Introduction: Obesity is a cause invoked in iron deficiency and anemia in population; inflammation is one of the aspects related with both malnutrition forms. Non study were carried-out in Cuba exploring that aspects and preschool children is a mean risk groups of iron deficiency and anemia. Objective: To assess nutritional status, iron deficiency, anemia and inflammation in Cuban preschool children Materials and Methods: 1226 children of 3 Cuban Regions (Western, Central and Easter) 2015-2017. Weight, Height and Skinfolds were measure to calculate Weight/Height and adiposity and were evaluated by WHO standard. Anemia prevalence was evaluated by Hemoglobin quantification (ABX Micros 60), iron store depletion by ferritin, inflammation by C-reactive protein (CRP) and alfa-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) by Immunoturbidimetric method. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR as iron tissue depletion) by ELISA. Results: Undernutrition was 1,1%, overweight 5,8% and obesity 2,2% (global overweight 8%). Adiposity by Tricipital skinfold +2DS was 5,5% and +3DS 1,4%; by Subscapular skinfold was slightly higher (+2DS was 7,3% and +3DS 1,6%). Anemia was 22,3% (17,6-27,1), no several cases were found. Iron store depletion adjusted by Thurnham factor was 34,4% (25,1-41,7), iron tissue depletion was 13,2% (5,0-21,5). Inflammation evaluated was high by CRP (>5mg/L) 12,3% (9,8-14,8) and by AGP (>1g/L) 34,3% (27,9-40,6). Overweight plus obesity was not a significative protector factor for anemia (OR=0,442 CI95%=0,173-1,128) and iron store depletion (OR=0,514 CI95%=0,229-1,154). No association was found between inflammation and overweight and obesity. Anemia was associated with iron store depletion (stratified by group of up to 2 year and 2-4 years old) ORMH=2,09 CI95%=1,49-2,93, iron tissue depletion ORMH=2,78 CI95%=1,81-4,28 and inflammation ORMH=1,61 CI95%=1,16-2,24. Conclusions: Undernutrition is not a public health problem. Overweight and obesity are not associated with anemia. Anemia was associated with iron deficiency and inflammation.