Speaker
Description
In support of global nuclear non-proliferation and reactor safety, Nigeria successfully executed the transport of high enriched uranium (HEU) and low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels following the conversion of its research reactor. This paper presents a comprehensive account of the planning, coordination, and execution of both export and import shipments, conducted in compliance with the Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) requirements and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safety and security standards. The HEU removal operation involved packaging the spent fuel in certified Type B(U) transport casks, securing the route with armed escorts, and coordinating with international partners for safe handover. The LEU importation required pre-shipment inspections, customs clearance, and secure delivery to Nigeria’s Research Reactor-1 (NIRR-1), operated by the Centre for Energy Research and Training (CERT). Both operations were supported by real-time monitoring, emergency response protocols, and multi-agency collaboration. Recognizing the unique risks posed by insider threats during nuclear material transport, CERT implemented a comprehensive security strategy encompassing a Physical Protection System (PPS), a Trustworthiness Program, and a robust Security Culture framework. Personnel involved in packaging, logistics, and escort duties were vetted, trained, and monitored to ensure reliability and accountability throughout the transport process. This paper highlights the regulatory frameworks, logistical strategies, and security measures employed throughout the import and export transport process. It also discusses operational challenges such as infrastructure limitations and documentation bottlenecks. The experience demonstrated Nigeria’s growing capacity to manage complex nuclear logistics and reinforced the importance of early stakeholder engagement, contingency planning, and international technical support. Lessons learned include the need for harmonized documentation systems, flexible operational protocols, and sustained investment in transport infrastructure. Nigeria’s shipment both HEU and LEU operation offers a replicable model for other nations pursuing reactor conversion and nuclear fuel transport, contributing to global efforts in nuclear safety and non-proliferation.
