Abstract
Background and aims: It is essential for cardiologist, technologists, and nurses working in e cardiac catheterization laboratory to understand radiation protection. However, protective equipment usage is still low, wearing dosimeters also very low and there is little awareness of radiation protection in practice.
Objectives: To assess the awareness and knowledge of medical stuff...
Background: Nuclear medicine has experienced real success over the past and has brought new perspectives, mainly in the treatment of cancers. )
In bone disease, Single photon computed tomography associated to computed tomography (SPECT-CT) combined with conventional scintigraphy makes possible, in a single examination, a whole body exam and CT scan centered on a suspicious bone foci, thereby...
With the advancement of cutting-edge technology, radiation-based applications continue to gain more ground in modern medicine. Occupational radiation exposure in the medical field occurs via two broad routes: diagnostic radiation and therapeutic radiation. National regulatory agencies and medical facilities are aware of the potential risks of ionizing radiation and the need to ensure that...
INTRODUCTION
In 2011 the International Commission on Radiation Protection established the threshold value of the absorbed dose in the eye lens for the development of cataract equal to 0.5 Gy for acute and chronic exposure. A dose limit for exposure of the lens of the eye was established equal to 20 mSv per year, averaged over five consecutive years (100 mSv over 5 years), and 50 mSv for any...
The extremity exposure monitoring of nuclear medicine personnel is essential to control exposure in the workplace, to ensure that legal limits are not exceeded, to predict extremity doses and, if possible, to optimize workflow. Distribution of the doses over hand is nonuniform and the obtained doses by Hp(0.07) passive dosimeter can be significantly lower compared to fingertips. There are only...
Oral administration of large doses of radioiodine 131 has been a commonly accepted procedure for treatment of benign and malignant conditions of the thyroid since 1940s [1]. Several research papers and guidelines were focused on the external dose rate from patient treated by radioiodine 131 in discussing the release criteria from hospital [2] or assessing the related public or occupational...
ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURES AT SOME SELECTED DIAGNOSTICS CENTRES IN THE SOUTH WEST NIGERIA
Oyeyemi,S.M.1,Akerele, Olumide1,Olaniyi,D.O.1,Yau,U.I.2 Sambo, Isa2
1 National Institute of Radiation Protection and research .University of Ibadan
2 Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority
The Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority is the competent Authority charged with the...
Background
The aim of this study was to assess radiation exposure levels in diagnostic x-ray units in medical facilities in Coast, Lindi and Mtwra regions in Tanzania, in order to establish whether the exposure levels are within the internationally recommended dose rate limits.
Method
A total of 26 public and private radiological imaging centres were involved in a cross-sectional study...
This research applies the Monte Carlo simulation method EGSnrc Electron Gamma Shower (EGSnrc) Code with two code is dedicated: BEAMnrc code is used to simulate the beam emitted from the accelerator head and DOSXYZnrc code is used to calculate the dose emitted from the accelerator. From there, evaluate beam attenuation of radiation emitted from the accelerator through the layers of shielding...
Nuclear medicine in practice utilize the radiation from the radionuclide to diagnose and treat the human disease. It potentially poses an occupational health risk to the workers, as the personnel monitoring is the most important aspect need to undergo when working in a radiation environment [1]. External exposure of personnel monitoring had been long introduced in Malaysia as enacted in ACT...
BACKGROUND
In Malaysia, the Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984 (Act 304) is the main act that aims to ensure the usage of ionizing radiation is in a safe manner without compromising the safety of the worker, patient, and members of the public. In the year 2017, the Malaysian Ministry of Health has formulated and published the standard document of the Radiation Protection Program (RPP)...
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Purpose
Various types of radioprotective (RP) equipment exist to protect the staff during fluoroscopically-guided procedures; however, their performance can widely vary and is challenging to assess in clinical practice. To support evidence-based selection of RP equipment, the effectiveness of lead(-free) caps, lead-free aprons, lead(-free) drapes, masks and the Zero-Gravity suspended...
Introduction
The volatility of some radionuclides during the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals may cause internal contamination and increases the inhalation hazards for workers. Our internal dosimetry laboratory tested the nasal swab method to screen any potential internal radioactive contamination.
Materials and methods
The nasal swab method was evaluated for workers at...
The use of fluoroscopy procedures in intraoperative orthopedic procedures has increased in the last years since it allows a better assessment of the anatomical structures under surgery and visualization of implants, besides reducing the time needed for the surgical procedure and length of hospital stay of the patients and risk of complications [1]. Despite these benefits, scattered x-ray...
Problem:Iodine-131 (131I) is the most commonly used iodine radioisotope, and activities used are sometimes very high.
In solution iodine is volatile at room temperature; nuclear medicine personnels are thus exposed both to external irradiation risk of which is monitored by wearing a dosimeter and to internal contamination risk of induced by inhalation.
Objective:Evaluate the internal...
Aim: to describe the steps of constitution and the work plan of the new radiation protection committee in our University Hospital
Introduction: Military hospital of Tunis is a University Hospital using radiation in many fields: radiology, nuclear medicine and interventional procedures. As it started an accreditation process since 2018. We had decided to establish a specialised...
Introduction:
The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends to manage occupational doses together with patient doses for an integrated approach in optimisation for interventional radiology. In most of the cases, occupational doses are not measured for individual procedures but for monthly periods and the level of radiation protection may be different for some...
The use of I-131 MIBG for the therapeutic treatment of relapse neuroblastoma in pediatric patients has been used for over 15 years. This treatment involves the administration of I-131 MIBG at doses up to 0.67 GBq/Kg. The therapy requires careful management of not only the patient but the various hospital staff and caregivers involved in patient treatment and support. The primary supporting...
Currently, the development of light-weight, nontoxic, lead-free radiation shields containing micro or nanoparticles has attracted the attention of different investigators (1, 2). Lead Glass is typically used as a transparent protective barrier in making control windows for different medical imaging modalities, like mammography, diagnostic radiology, CT scan, fluoroscopy, and angiography (3)....
Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Radiation Safety
Background: Interventional Cardiologists are exposed to occupational health hazards related directly to radiation exposure and indirectly to the orthopedic burden of wearing only partially protective lead aprons. Innovations to reduce these risks are warranted.
Methods: A commercially available comprehensive lead shielding...
Abstract: The number of radiological examinations has increased steadily in recent years. As a result, the risk of possible, radiation-induced consequential damage also increases through continuous, lifelong and increasing exposure to ionizing radiation. Therefore, radiation dose monitoring in medicine became an essential element of medical practice. In this study, the occupational cumulative...
Over the years, an increasing use of complex medical applications utilizing ionizing radiation has been observed in many countries, including the Caribbean, leading to an increase in the number of occupationally exposed workers. Many countries in the Caribbean face challenges with regards to their ability to introduce and establish effective radiation protection programs in medicine which...
The use of radiation in medical applications continues to increase worldwide and has a direct implication for radiation protection of medical staff performing or assisting in medical examinations using ionizing radiation sources. In nuclear medicine, staff is exposed to the risk of external exposure when using radiopharmaceuticals and when performing conventional radiological examinations,...
The Brazilian National Nuclear Authority (CNEN) is the government institution responsible for licencing and regulation of all kinds of facilities that uses sources or equipment that produce ionizing radiation, except the ones for medical diagnosis and odontology uses. New technologies, and new uses of ionizing radiation can be a challenge to the Nuclear Authority, as an example of the medicine...
Introduction: The project “Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin America and the Caribbean” (OPRIPALC) started in 2018 as a joint response of the Pan American Health Organization and the World Health Organization, in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, to collaborate with its member states in ensuring that radiation exposures are...
Introduction: In 2018 the new Radioprotection Ordinance in Switzerland came into forced requiring the radiation protection equipment to be checked annually for its proper performance. Indeed, to provide safe operating conditions for staff working with ionizing radiation, the personal protective equipment (PPE)(protective aprons, skirts,jackets,goggles and thyroid shields) should be checked...
BACKGROUND
Ionizing radiation is used extensively in cardiac diagnostic and interventional procedures. The radiation is associated with a small but definite stochastic risk of inducing a malignant disease. Low-dose radiation exposure has been shown to induce an increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes and chromosome aberrations, which represent surrogate biomarkers of cancer risk....
With the rapid advancement in medical use of ionizing radiation for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, the importance of radiation protection for healthcare professionals involved in the performance of radiological procedures, along with patient protection has become more prominent. Accordingly, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has established several safety standards and...
Mustafa Majali, Ph.D. CHP, Buthaina AlAmeri, M.Sc.
Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
The disposal of the patient excreta containing radionuclides after Iodine therapy needs special consideration. The criteria and options for the selection of appropriate technology for either discharge of liquid radioactive effluents into the sewer system directly or...
The use of ionizing radiations and exposure to them involves risks. The improvement and modernization of health services has increased the use of radionuclides and radiation-emitting equipment for diagnostic, therapeutic and interventional purposes, benefiting millions of people worldwide and increase the number of medical procedures and professionals involved, reason why, an adequate...
The International Atomic Energy Agency: IAEA has reviewed on the dose limit for the lens of the eye followed the recommendation of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: ICRP in its statement in April 2011. The dose limit to the eye was reduced from 150 mSv in a year to 20 mSv in a year, averaged over defined periods of 5 years, with no annual dose in a single year exceeding...
Atomic Energy Regulatory Board(AERB) has stipulated various safety requirements in Safety Code No. AERB/RF-MED/SC-1 (Rev. 1),2011 on “Radiation Therapy Sources, Equipment and Installation” under legal provisions and compliance is ensured through process of licensing, regulatory inspection, enforcement, periodic safety review, safety performance evaluation of design of radiation equipment and...
The dose to nuclear medicine (NM) staff has been always a crucial topic, and a significant concern owing to manipulation of unsealed radiopharmaceuticals (1). The hands and eye lenses of the radiation workers are exposed significantly during the preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine departments (2). Three operational quantities, whole-body Hp (10),...
BACKGROUND
Bunker design and shielding are fundamental to the radiation protection of staff and the public in a radiation therapy department. The workload is an important factor in the design of protective barriers [1]. With the advent of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), the workload of linac increased significantly since it requires more monitor units (MUs) per treatment [2,3]. The...
